Accumulation laws of recoverable resources in typical tight oil zones in North America

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2018.04.007

Abstract

Abstract: The accumulation law of recoverable tight oil resources has been a hot point in present studies. The distribution of oil resources in tight oil basins is firstly investigated based on multiple global unconventional databases, especially in three basins with high tight oil production:the Williston Basin, Permian Basin, and Gulf Basin in North America, and then control factors on the accumulation of the recoverable tight oil resources are analyzed from the conditions of hydrocarbon sources, the characteristics of stratigraphic assemblages, and the development of local sweet spots, based on field production performances of thousands of typical tight oil wells, with the purposes for providing basic data for the exploration of tight oil outside North America. The study results indicate that, geographically, recoverable tight oil resources are mainly distributed in conventional oil and gas areas such as the Cordillera front belt in the Americas, the Western Siberia in Russia, and the Paleo-Tethys region in North Africa-the Middle East; and geologically, they are dominant in the Cretaceous, Upper Devonian, Middle-Lower Permian and Upper Silurian formations, and related to the primary source rocks developed all over the world. These recoverable tight oil resources show three accumulation laws:close to extensively distributed source rocks with high abundance and moderate maturity; in tight reservoirs dominated by inter-source and interbedded assemblages; and in sweet spot zones developed on the slope belt close to sedimentary centers and weak in tectonic activity.

Key words: tight oil, North America, recoverable resources, distribution characteristics, accumulation law

CLC Number:

Zhang Xinshun, Ma Feng, Wang Hongjun, Wang Keming, Li Wenhao, Qin Yanqun. Accumulation laws of recoverable resources in typical tight oil zones in North America[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2018, 23(4): 58-66.

References

[1] EIA. Technically recoverable shale oil and shale gas resources:an assessment of 137 shale formations in 41 countries outside the United States[EB/OL].[2013-05-01]. http://www.eia.gov/analysis/studies/worldshalegas.
[2] 邹才能,翟光明,张光亚,王红军,张国生,李建忠,等.全球常规-非常规油气形成分布、资源潜力及趋势预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(1):13-25. Zou Caineng, Zhai Guangming, Zhang Guangya, Wang Hongjun, Zhang Guosheng, Li Jianzhong, et al. Formation, distribution, potential and prediction of global conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon resources[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2015,42(1):13-25.
[3] Jarvie D M. Shale resource systems for oil and gas:Part 2:shale-oil resource systems[J]. AAPG Memoir, 2012,97:89-119.
[4] 王大川,焦娇.非常规油气"甜点"预测新技术[J].石油科技论坛,2017,36(2):53-59. Wang Dachuan, Jiao Jiao. New "sweet spot" predicting technology of unconventional oil and gas[J]. Oil Forum, 2017, 36(2):53-59.
[5] 杜金虎,杨涛,李欣.中国石油天然气股份有限公司"十二五"油气勘探发现与"十三五"展望[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(2):1-15. Du Jinhu, Yang Tao, Li Xin. Oil and gas exploration and discovery of PetroChina Company Limited during the 12^th Five-Year Plan and the prospect during the 13^th Five-Year Plan[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016,21(2):1-15.
[6] 牛小兵,冯胜斌,尤源,梁晓伟,王芳,李卫成,郝炳英.鄂尔多斯盆地致密油地质研究与试验攻关实践及体会[J].石油科技论坛,2016,35(4):38-46. Niu Xiaobing, Feng Shengbin, You Yuan, Liang Xiaowei, Wang Fang, Li Weicheng, Hao Bingying. Geological study and pilot test of tight oil in Ordos Basin[J]. Oil Forum, 2016,35(4):38-46.
[7] 王红军,马锋,童晓光,刘祚冬,张新顺,吴珍珍,等.全球非常规油气资源评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(6):850-862. Wang Hongjun, Ma Feng, Tong Xiaoguang, Liu Zuodong, Zhang Xinshun, Wu Zhenzhen, et al. Assessment of global unconventional oil and gas resources[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2016,43(6):850-862.
[8] Hartenergy. North American shale quarterly[EB/OL].[2015-03-01]. http://nasqhartenergycom.
[9] EIA. Annual energy outlook 2017[EB/OL].[2017-01-05]. http://wwweiagov/outlooks/aeo/indexcfm.
[10] 姚宜同,李士祥,赵彦德,陈世加,路俊刚.鄂尔多斯盆地新安边地区长7致密油特征及控制因素[J].沉积学报,2015,33(3):625-632. Yao Yitong, Li Shixiang, Zhao Yande, Chen Shijia, Lu Jungang. Characteristics&controlling factors of Chang7 tight oil in Xin'anbian area, Orods Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2015,33(3):625-632.
[11] Curtis M E, Cardott B J, Sondergeld C H, Rai C S. Development of organic porosity in the Woodford Shale with increasing thermal maturity[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2012,103:26-31.
[12] Orangi A, Nagarajan N R, Honarpour M M, Rosenzweig J J. Unconventional shale oil and gas-condensate reservoir production, impact of rock, fluid, and hydraulic fractures[J]. Surgical Forum, 2011,22(7):1551-1564.
[13] 马芳侠,李耀华,葛云锦,刘聃,万成祥.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密油有效烃源岩评价[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(5):37-41. Ma Fangxia, Li Yaohua, GeYunjin, Liu Dan, Wan Chengxiang. Evaluation on effective source rock of tight oil in Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2017,24(5):37-41.
[14] 王香增,任来义,贺永红,席天德,葛云锦,米乃哲,等.鄂尔多斯盆地致密油的定义[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(1):1-7. Wang Xiangzeng, Ren Laiyi, He Yonghong, Xi Tiande, Ge Yunjin, Mi Naizhe, et al. Definition of tight oil in Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2016,23(1):1-7.
[15] 孙焕泉.济阳坳陷页岩油勘探实践与认识[J].中国石油勘探,2017, 22(4):1-14. Sun Huanquan. Exploration practice and cognitions of shale oil in Jiyang depression[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2017, 22(4):1-14.
[16] 邹才能.非常规地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,2014. Zou Caineng. Unconventional Geology[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 2014.
[17] 贾承造,邹才能,李建忠,李登华,郑民.中国致密油评价标准、主要类型、基本特征及资源前景[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):343-349. Jia Chengzao, Zou Caineng, Li Jianzhong, Li Denghua, Zheng Min. Assessment criteria, main types, basic features and resource prospects of the tight oil in China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012,33(3):343-349.
[18] Zhang X S, Wang H J, Ma F, Sun X C, Zhang Y. Classification and characteristics of tight oil plays[J]. Petroleum Science, 2016,13(1):1-16.
[19] 马锋,张光亚,田作基,杨柳燕,刘祚冬,李飞.北美常规油气富集特征与待发现资源评价[J].地学前缘,2014,21(3):91-100. Ma Feng, Zhang Guangya, Tian Zuoji, Yang Liuyan, Liu Zuodong, Li Fei. The enrichment characteristics and undiscovered resources evaluation of the conventional oil and gas in North America.[J]. Earth Science Frontier, 2014, 21(3):91-100.
[20] 童晓光,张光亚,王兆明,田作基,牛嘉玉,温志新.全球油气资源潜力与分布[J].地学前缘,2014,21(3):1-9. Tong Xiaoguang, Zhang Guangya, Wang Zhaoming, Tian Zuoji, Niu Jiayu, Wen Zhixin. Global oil and gas potential and distribution[J]. Earth Science Frontier, 2014,21(3):1-9.
[21] Peters K E, Cassa M R. Applied source rock geochemistry:Chapter 5:Part Ⅱ. essential elements[J]. The Petroleum system from source to trip AAPG memoir 60, 1994:93-119.
[22] Meissner F F. Petroleum geology of the Bakken Formation Williston Basin, North Dakota and Montana[M]. Billings:Montana Geological Society, 1978:207-277.
[23] Solange A, Buatois L A. Integrating depositional models, ichnology, and sequence stratigraphy in reservoir characterization:the middle member of the Devonian-Carboniferous Bakken Formation of subsurface southeastern Saskatchewan revisited[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2012,96(6):1017-1043.
[24] Kontorovich A E, Moskvin V I, Bostrikov O I, Danilova V P, Fomin A N, Fomichev A S, et al. Main oil source formations of the West Siberian Basin[J]. Petroleum Geoscience, 1997, 3(4):343-358.
[25] Lund L. Decline curve analysis of shale oil production:the case of Eagle Ford[EB/OL].[2014-10-01]. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:762320/fulltext01.pdf.
[26] Gentry R, Mccray A. The effect of reservoir and fluid properties on production decline curves[J]. Journal of Petroleum Technology, 1978, 30(9):1327-1341.
[27] 张新顺,王红军,马锋,孙相灿,宋志慧.致密油资源富集区与"甜点区"分布关系研究——以美国威利斯顿盆地为例[J].石油实验地质.2015,37(5):619-626. Zhang Xinshun, Wang Hongjun, Ma Feng, Sun Xiangcan, Song Zhihui. Relationship between resource-rich regions and sweet spots for tight oils:a case study of the Williston Basin in the USA[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment. 2015,37(5):619-626.
[28] Heck T J, Lefever R D, Fischer D W, Lefever J. Overview of the petroleum geology of the North Dakota Williston Basin[EB/OL].[2002-01-01]. https://www.dmr.nd.gov/ndgs/resources/.
[29] Salvador A. Late Triassic-Jurassic paleogeography and origin of Gulf of Mexico basin[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1987,71(4):419-451.
[30] Flannery J and Kraus J. Integrated analysis of the Bakken petroleum system, US Williston Basin[EB/OL].[2006-05-23]. http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/documents/2006/06035flannery/.
[31] Sonnenberg S A, Pramudito A. Petroleum geology of the giant Elm Coulee field, Williston Basin[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2009, 93(9):1127-1153.
[32] C&C. C&C reservoirs database[EB/OL].[2014-12-30]. http://www.ccreservoirs.com/.
[33] 袁选俊,林森虎,刘群,姚泾利,王岚,郭浩,等.湖盆细粒沉积特征与富有机质页岩分布模式——以鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7油层组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(1):34-43. Yuan Xuanjun, Lin Senhu, Liu Qun, Yao Jingli, Wang Lan, Guo Hao, et al. Lacustrine fine-grained sedimentary features and organic-rich shale distribution pattern:a case study of Chang 7 Member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2015,42(1):34-43.
[34] 杨智,付金华,郭秋麟,林森虎,陈宁生,潘松圻,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组陆相致密油发现、特征及潜力[J].中国石油勘探,2017,22(6):9-15. Yang Zhi, Fu Jinhua, Guo Qiulin, Lin Senhu, Chen Ningsheng, Pan Songqi, et al. Discovery, characteristics and resource potential of continental tight oil in Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2017,22(6):9-15.
[35] 耳闯,赵靖舟,王芮,魏之焜.沉积环境对富有机质页岩分布的控制作用——以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长7油层组为例[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(5):823-832,892. Er Chuang, Zhao Jingzhou, Wang Rui, Wei Zhikun. Controlling role of sedimentary environment on the distribution of organic-rich shale:a case study of the Chang 7 Member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2015,26(5):823-832,892.
[36] 郭旭升,胡东风,魏志红,李宇平,魏祥峰.涪陵页岩气田的发现与勘探认识[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(3):24-37. Guo Xusheng, Hu Dongfeng, Wei Zhihong, Li Yuping, Wei Xiangfeng. Discovery and exploration of Fuling shale gas field[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016,21(3):24-37.
[37] 王玉满,董大忠,李建忠,王社教,李新景,王黎,等.川南下志留统龙马溪组页岩气储层特征[J].石油学报,2012,33(4):551-561. Wang Yuman, Dong Dazhong, Li Jianzhong,Wang Shejiao, Li Xinjing, Wang Li, et al. Reservoir characteristics of shale gas in Longmaxi Formation of the Lower Silurian, southern Sichuan[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012,33(4):551-561.
[38] 张新顺,王红军,马锋,宋志慧,孙相灿.北美白垩系烃源岩发育特征与油气分布关系[J].地质科技情报,2016,35(1):119-127. Zhang Xinshun, Wang Hongjun, Ma Feng, Song Zhihui, Sun Xiangcan. Relationship between the development characteristics of cretaceous source rocks and the hydrocarbon distribution, North America[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2016,35(1):119-127.
[39] Longman M W, Luneau B A, Landon S M. Nature and distribution of Niobrara lithologies in the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway of the Rocky Mountain Region[J]. Mountain Geologist, 1998,35(4):137-170.