Abstract: To the complicated petroleum exploration targets, seismic exploration technique is not only a technical problem, but also an economic one. On the one hand, advanced geophysical techniques are needed for complicated geological problems; on the other hand, advanced techniques always demand for high cost. So how to choose both advanced and economic techniques should use the principle of technical economics, choose economic and practical techniques according to specifi c exploration targets, and maximize economic returns of exploration. Technique dominates the seismic exploration cost constitution. Targeted choosing of techniques and methods and fulfilling technical and economic integration according to surface conditions and geologic features are the main strategy for selecting seismic exploration techniques. Technically binning (or group interval), coverage, array length, and near-surface survey density are key parameters infl uencing data quality. To acquire high-quality data for geologic target exploration must be based on different surface conditions and different subsurface geologic conditions to select key technical parameters. The change of key technical parameters certainly brings about change of equipment and staff input as well as construction organization. Therefore, it directly affects the change of investment and cost. This paper discussed the technique optimization principle aimed at different surface conditions and different geologic targets. To realize technical and economic integration should be based on technique optimization taking both technical advancement and applicability into account.