Major oil and gas discovery and exploration potential in ultra-deep formation in Well Hetan 101, Hetao Basin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2024.05.007

Abstract

Abstract: Hetao Basin, a proliferous basin showing rapid subsidence and hydrocarbon accumulation in the late stage, has abundant oil and gas resources. In order to identify the potential of ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs in sub-sag area in Linhe Depression, Well Hetan 101 was deployed and drilled in Guangming structure, and a significant breakthrough was made in Linhe Formation at a depth of greater than 6500 m, with an oil rate of 1285.77 m³/d and a gas rate of 1×10⁴ m³/d. A comprehensive study on hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in the deep to ultra-deep formations in the sub-sag area has been conducted. The study result suggests that the reservoir sand body has the characteristics of high rigid particle content (average of 85%), low geothermal gradient (2.3 ℃ /100m), long-term shallow burial–late deep burial, and low interstitial material content (less than 5%), enabling the preservation of abnormally high-porosity reservoirs at a depth of greater than 6500 m. The pressurization after hydrocarbon generation and under-compaction of mudstone provided driving force for hydrocarbon migration. However, due to the influence of detachment faults, over-pressure only occurred in Guangming structure, with formation pressure coefficient reaching up to 2.0–2.3 in the sub-sag area, forming a self-generation and self-storage type structural oil and gas reservoir with co-occurrence of source rock and reservoir. The vertical fractures in source rock formed by hydrocarbon generation connected multiple sets of source rocks and high-permeability sand bodies, forming ultra-high pressure oil and gas reservoirs both in source rock and reservoir in ultra-deep formations with connected pores and fractures. The successful drilling of Well Hetan 101 once again confirms the broad prospects of petroleum exploration and development in deep and ultra-deep formations in continental fault basins. Guangming structure is expected to become a new large-scale integral and high-efficiency reserve area, demonstrating a new exploration field with high-yield oil and gas in ultra-deep formation, and providing a solid resource guarantee for the construction of a million–ton–level oil field in Hetao Basin.

Key words: Hetao Basin, Well Hetan 101, ultra-deep formation, major discovery, exploration orientation

CLC Number:

TE122.1

Zhang Ruifeng, Wang Haoyu, Feng Guangye, Liu Jing, Chen Shuguang, Peng Yu, Wang Danling. Major oil and gas discovery and exploration potential in ultra-deep formation in Well Hetan 101, Hetao Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2024, 29(5): 77-90.

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