Recognition and enlightenments of new oil and gas exploration fields in deep formations in Junggar Basin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.03.001

Abstract

Abstract: The deep formations in petroliferous basins have become a practical field for petroleum exploration. Junggar Basin is characterized by long tectonic evolution history and complex geological settings. Based on the exploration achievements in recent years, the new exploration fields in deep formation have been predicted, which indicates that there are four new exploration fields in the deep to ultra-deep formations, including prototype marine basin oil and gas reservoirs, intra source rock unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in the Permian Fengcheng Formation in Western Depression, large-scale stratigraphic oil and gas reservoirs in hydrocarbon-rich sags, and Jurassic–Cretaceous structural oil and gas reservoirs in the southern marginal foreland thrust belt. For prototype basin oil and gas reservoirs, controlled by the scattered source rocks in multiple depo-centers in the Carboniferous, relatively independent whole petroleum system can be formed in these source kitchens. Intra source rock oil and gas reservoirs in the Permian Fengcheng Formation in Western Depression showed a hydrocarbon accumulation pattern of orderly distribution of conventional–unconventional resources. The deep formation in Pen 1 Well West–Shawan Sag is a practical field for discovering a large gas zone with resources of trillion cubic meters. In hydrocarbon-rich sags, jointly controlled by paleogeomorphology and lake level, large-scale stratigraphic traps were formed in deep formations, and the clustered oil and gas reservoirs in trough areas are favorable targets. The large-scale structural traps were formed in the Jurassic-Cretaceous in the southern marginal foreland thrust belt, and high-quality reservoirs can still be developed below 8000 m, possessing the geological conditions for forming large-scale gas reservoirs. The study shows that the petroleum exploration in Junggar Basin has entered a new stage focusing on deep formations, generally exhibiting the coexistence of conventional–unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in sequence. The high-quality source rocks and effective hydrocarbon accumulation factors provided a solid material basis and favorable conditions for deep oil and gas reservoirs in the basin.

Key words: Junggar Basin, deep to ultra-deep formation, hydrocarbon accumulation condition, whole petroleum system, exploration practice

CLC Number:

TE122.1

Zhi Dongming, He Wenjun, Xie An, Li Mengyao, Liu Yin, Cao Jian. Recognition and enlightenments of new oil and gas exploration fields in deep formations in Junggar Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(3): 1-24.

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