Abstract: This paper analyzes briefly the tectonic evolutionary history, the texture and petroleum systems of salt-bearing basin in Gabon and its adjacent area, focusing on present situation of petroleum exploration in the basin and major oilfields, especially Rabi-Kounga and Anguille Marine oil fields. It points out that there are nine prospect belts of petroleum exploration in salt-bearing basin in Gabon and its adjacent area, with the large potential of petroleum exploration