Well Kedong-1, a risk exploration well of CNPC, has gained commercial oil and gas flow in Cretaceous reservoir. It is the most important breakthrough in the piedmont zone of Southwest Tarimsince the Kekeya Condensate Field was discovered in 1977.The discovery of Kedong-1 Condensate Pool can be attributed to the combination of the transferring of exploration thought, recognizing the crucial problem, painstaking petroleum geological study and improvement of exploration technology. The drilling fruit of Well Kedong-1 has brought a great progress in the geological knowledge about piedmont zone of Mt. Kunlun and showed the great exploration prospect of Kedong faulting tectonic belt. It is of great significance to the development of Southwest Tarim Oilfield Exploration and Development Corporation, the improvement of people's life, environment protection and social stability of Three South Xinjiang Districts.

Low carbon economy has been a crucial strategy of worldwide economic and social development, and also an inevitable choice to achieve sustainable development. Future energy supply system will certainly be a system that is low carbon, highly efficient and environment friendly. China?s high carbon energy system will still rely heavily on coal in the short term. The foundation of energy strategic positioning is a clean energy structure that is orderly and low carbon. By transforming development models and developing low carbon economy, global economic and social development pattern will change dramatically, new room for development and competition pattern will be formed. In order to develop low carbon energy, China must use two ways simultaneously. One way is to continue developing traditional fossil energy focusing on coal and oil, to achieve clean and highly efficient energy utilization by using new technology and to reduce green house emission. The other way is to improve energy structure by further developing natural gas, coalbed methane and renewable resources. The most active and effective way is to realize integration of natural gas and coalbed methane downstream and upstream, to speed up self-innovation, to establish and improve technical standard system and to steadily promote the diversification of energy structure and the healthy development of low carbon economy.

The Saihantala Sag of Erlian Basin features in medium amplitude sedimentation and relative inheritance development in the Early Cretaceous Epoch. Guided by theories of basin evolution and hydrocarbon generation and accumulation of overlapped sags in syngenetic fault depressions, this paper conducts organic geochemistry analysis on the shale and evaluates all kinds of geochemical indexes comprehensively, and predicts the oil & gas resources potentialities in Dubei Sag of Zhongyuan Block, based on such technology as sedimentary facies analysis, effective hydrocarbon source rock evaluation, erosion thickness restoration, and reformed basin modeling, etc. The Lower Cretaceous Bayanhua Group has a set of inland fluvial-lacustrine clastic rocks in Saihantala Sag, and the black mud shale here belongs to high quality hydrocarbon source rock. Based on the discoveries in exploration of oil and gas fields in Erlian Basin, this paper puts forward the oil and gas accumulation law of Dubei Sag. This is of realistic significance to select the target in Erlian Basin.

The vuggy reservoir is one of the most important reservoir types showed by the cores and well logging data in Tahe Subsalt Area. The confused reservoir genetic mechanisms of vuggy reservoir lead to its complex distribution which restricts the production and development in this area. Three kinds of environment are established by lots of cores observation, and the traces superimposed on petrography and geochemistry make it the markers for discriminating them. A-vug developed in the context of continental sea which leads to less terrigenous deposition in Caledonian. It is characterized by eogenetic petrography and higher δ13C and δ18O value. B-vug developed in the context of subaerial exposure which leads to mess terrigenous deposition in early Hercynian. It is characterized by serious oxidation and karst and depleted δ13C and δ18O value. C-vug which developed in late Hercynian is distinguished by the hydrothermal mineral observation. The mixture of multiple fluid makes it difficult to discriminate this type of vug by δ13C and δ18O value. The distribution of different vuggy reservoirs is established by the serious genetic mechanisms study. The distribution of A-vug reservoir is controlled by the three-order sequence stratigraphic boundary vertically and bank facies in plane at the top of the Yijianfang and Lianglitage Formations. B-vug reservoir is controlled by cave distribution nearby the salt pinchout and large-scale fault in main Subsalt Area respectively, where there is an obscure line between them. C-vug reservoir is controlled by the deep fault.

In 2006, the author in this paper used the play assessment method to predict the size, number and undiscovered oil & gas resources of the undiscovered oil and gas fields in 39 units of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, based on 438 undrilled traps and the geological model of each unit. On the basis of giving the major evaluation parameters, results, and basic conclusions, the author focuses on comparing the exploration results in main exploration areas from 2006 to 2009 with the forecast accomplished four years ago, which are proved the same in general. The play analysis method is proved to be necessary and feasible after case study of above-mentioned verification. It is believed that the play assessment should be the mainline in geology study of oil companies. It is the core of geological evaluation to predict the size and number of undiscovered oil & gas fields in a specific unit, to predict the probability that at least one oil and gas field should be found in the units that no commercial discoveries have been made, and to verify the predictionhaving been made as the exploration progresses. Finally the author discusses the concerned problems in the Pearl RiverMouth Basin resources assessment such as the data updating of undrilled traps, the oil-trend or gas-trend in southern margin of Baiyun Sag, the deeply study of main-control elements on reservoir forming, and the reserve growth as well as its meaning.

This paper discusses how the Himalayan episodic deformation and fracture movement controls sedimentation in Qiangtang Basin. It is believed that the Qiangtang Block has at least three episode deformations in Himalayan Period, base on analyzing the sedimentary sequence and its horizontal distribution in the Basin. The first one occurred in Miocene; development of NWW-NE conjugated strike-slip faults controlled the formation and transformation of Kangtuo Formation. The second one occurred in early Pliocene; the NWWfaults in NWW-NE conjugated faults were strengthened, which controlled the formation of strata in Suonahu Formation. The third one occurred in the end of Pliocene; South-North tension fractures were produced, which controlled the distribution of volcanic rocks and Pleistocene in Shipingding Formation. This paper also briefly discusses the effect of fracture movement on the preservation conditions of oil and gas

It is very difficult to determine fluid saturation in reservoir rock, because it covers a wide rang and influenced by a lot of factors. So it is necessary to develop a set of practical and reliable methods for saturation calculation in practical oil and gas reservoir evaluation. During the application of Archie formulae, it is usual to regard rock as three components, i.e. rock matrix, pore and pore fluid (oil-gas-water). However, in most cases electrical performance characteristics of oil are similar to rock matrix of strata, and they both belong to poor conductor of electricity. So rock could always be considered to be full of water if taking oil components as a part of non-conductive rock matrix. And then the saturation derived from the Archie formulae is the water saturation of rock. Based on this, a set of formulae for calculating rock water saturation and methods for evaluating movable oil could be derived, with the porosity logging method. Further, water saturation of different types of reservoir could be calibrated through the rock capillary pressure curve in the lab and the height above free surface of water in reservoir. It could be used for inspecting saturation calculation in logging. Good results have been obtained by applying the method mentioned above to saturation interpretation and reservoir evaluation of Mishrif rudistid grain limestone.

With fine reservoir description of Pu I Formation of Beiyiquduandong in the Saertu Oilfield, this paper, through three-level research on the sedimentary microfacies, single sand body, and the internal point bar-level configuration, performs an in-depth analysis of the reservoir layer by layer, summarizes a set of effective and practical meandering river fine geologic research methods and processes, and rebuilds the reservoir cognition system. On this basis, this paper establishes a geological model, and conducts remaining oil research after polymer flooding. It is found that after flooding, remaining oil is mainly distributed at top of channel sand body, the imperfect injection-production part and the branching line; the distribution is dominated by rhythmic type, interbed-controlled type and the thin and poor reservoir type.

Sandbody in Fuyu Reservoir is distributary channel deposits of river-deltaic environment. The reservoir changes intensely horizontally and features in low porosity and low permeability, which is difficult to be predicted and identified. For the bottleneck of exploration and development in the oilfield, on the basis of geology study including sublayer sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary microfacies, channel genesis and channel width are analyzed, technical research, such as poststack frequency-divisional processing, anisotropic research, and prestack elastic and acoustic impedance inversion, is carried out, which is applied well in channel description of Fuyu Reservoir.

The method for calculating gas saturation based on fluid factor f which was proposed by Russell could be used for gas-bearing evaluation of unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs. Dipole shear sonic imager (DSI) logging could measure P-wave and S-wave velocity accurately in unconsolidated sandstone, and calculate the fluid factor f, combined with conventional logging data. This paper proposes a method of adjustable parameters for unconsolidated sandstone, which could improve the evaluation capacity of the fluid factor f to reservoir fluid. The result of in situ data processing and interpretation is good in agreement with the gas test results in Sanhu Area of Qaidam Basin, and it shows the method of gas-bearing evaluation based on f could improve the accuracy of interpretation in unconsolidated sandstone reservoi

Based on cautiously filtrating biomarker parameters of oil and source rock, by using mathematics method---cluster analysis, relationship between oil and source rock can be established shortcuttedly from many samples. This not only predigests the process of hydrocarbon source correlation, but also enhances the accuracy of hydrocarbon source correlation. This method is successfully applied in Mid-South region of Liaodong Bay in Bohai Area from two aspects: hydrocarbon source correlation of single well and hydrocarbon source correlation of area. Following are conclusions by further analysis: oil ofWell LD6-2-1 comes from source rocks of the lower part of the Third Member of Shahejie Formation of Liaozhong Sag; oil of Well LD12- 1-1D, which was thought that source rock of the Third Member of Shahejie Formation was its source, comes from source rock of the First and Second Members of Shahejie Formation. Oil in areas from JX1-1 to LD12-1 is classified into three types: the first type comes from source rocks of Lower or Middle Submember of the Third Member of Shahejie Formation in Liaozhong Sag, which is characterized by C29 stigmastane predominance, higher index of maturity (C29 αα S/C29(αα R+ αα S)), higher content of arranged cholestane, lower content of gammacerane and ergostane; the second type comes from source rocks of Lower Submember of the Third Member of Shahejie Formation, which is characterized of C27 cholestane predominance, higher index of maturity, higher content of arranged cholestane, lower content of gammacerane and ergostane; the third type comes from source rocks of the First and Second Members of Shahejie Formation, which is characterized of C27 cholestane predominance, lower index of maturity and content of arranged cholestane, higher content of gammacerane and ergostane.

Seismic exploration accuracy meets higher and higher requirements since the exploration targets in Dongpu Sag tend to be more subtle and complicated. For this, this paper puts forward a new method for acquiring horizon velocity based on joint inversion of stack velocity and migration velocity, improving the accuracy of velocity calculation. Through study on methods for establishing velocity field, the technology of establishing velocity field on the basis of combining such information as seismic velocity, logging, drilling and structural horizon is developed, and the velocity field reflecting the macroscopic law of velocity distribution is obtained, which is in good agreement with the well. Integrating the concept and application of seismic velocity, this paper defines the correlation of various types of velocity and its applicability, providing a complete velocity field solution for different phases of seismic exploration. Based on coordinate positioning and unified format transformation of seismic velocity data, the velocity base of all over Dongpu Sag is established, supporting seismic imaging, variable velocity mapping, and prediction of regional formation pressure technically, and yielding good results.

North Ustyurt Basin is a continent polycyclic-cratonic basin, its Jurassic strata developed several good sets of source rocks. Because of low exploration activity and unclear understanding of the lithofacies palaeogeography of the study area, the evaluation for source rocks is facing great difficulties. In order to solve this problem, a method using seismic attributes technique to predict mudstone content is presented, based on the analysis of regional geological background of the study area. 11 kinds of seismic attributes are extracted by Landmark according to the seismic data in exploration area. Through analysis of the correlation and sensitivity of the seismic attributes, three attributes such as RMS Amplitude, Arc Length and Maximum Trough Amplitude which are most sensitive to mudstone content are selected as the analysis parameters of prediction models of mudstone content. Accordingly, by the theory of multiple linear regression, we put forward a model predicting the content and distribution of the mudstone of Jurassic in the study area. After verification, the prediction from the model matches well with the drilling data. Finally, the favorable mudstone zones in the exploration area is indicated, there is no doubt that this study will provide reliable foundation for further exploration in the study area.

Coal strata in Qinshui Basin are rich in natural gas resources and they have better physical condition for forming medium-large gas pools. Plenty of drilling results show that 3# coal bed and 15# coal bed are major absorbed gas beds, and free gas mainly exists in surrounding rocks of coal-bed fracture and coal-bed roof and floor. Absorbed gas and free gas coexist in the Basin and they are of the same origin, with similar temperature and pressure. So a coexistence system of absorbed gas and free gas comes into being, within which the absorbed gas and the free gas in the coal strata, the free gas in the coal strata and the free gas in surrounding rocks exchange dynamically and form a dynamic equilibrium system. Tectonic evolution and the change of temperature and pressure may lead to asymmetric migration of absorbed gas and free gas. According to the contact relations between coal beds and other rocks, the coexistence system could be classified into three types: the coal rock-roof type, the coal rock-floor type, and the confined type of coal rock. According to the lithology of surrounding rocks, the system could be further classified into the coal rock-sandstone type, the coal rock-mudstone type, and the coal rock-limestone type. Different coal rock-lithology associations vary in gas-bearing features. The paragenesis regularity of absorbed gas and free gas of the same origin in the coal strata south of Qinshui Basin lays theoretical basis for their rational exploitation.

Tongchuan oil shale is located in Weibei Uplifted Area southwest of Ordos Basin, and it is mainly developed in Member Chang7 and Member Chang6 of Triassic Yanchang Formation, with Ⅱ1 and Ⅱ2 organic matter, and medium oil content. And it is at the immature and low-mature stage. Oil content and TOC are positively correlated with organic carbon; oil shale could be formed when TOC is higher than 0.997 or organic carbon is higher than 10.4%. In addition, a correlation exists between kerogen maceral and oil content to a certain degree. Tongchuan oil shale is formed in fresh water and reductive surroundings rich in organic matter. Enrichment, preservation condition, abundance and type of organic matter in oil shale are affected by flooding, oxygen deficiency, volcanic event and turbidity-current event occurred asMember Chang7 deposited, and thus the oil content is influenced