准噶尔盆地石南地区清水河组一段成岩特征及其油气意义

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 准噶尔盆地石南地区清水河组一段广泛发育砂岩和砂砾岩沉积，成岩作用复杂，成岩作用是影响储层发育的重要因素。通过大量岩石薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X 射线衍射分析，并结合岩心观察、物性数据和测井数据，对清水河组一段储层的成岩作用特征进行研究，并分析了砂岩和砂砾岩储层成岩特征的区别。研究认为，石南地区清一段储层主要经历了压实、胶结和溶蚀三大成岩作用，其成岩阶段主要为早成岩B 期，局部处于中成岩A 期。压实作用是清一段砂岩储层物性损失的主要因素；而砂砾岩因刚性砾石格架的支撑作用使得压实相对较弱，成岩流体得以大量流经其原生孔隙，并进行大面积胶结，胶结作用是影响其物性的主要因素。溶蚀作用是改善储层物性的重要因素，砂岩储层主要因斜长石颗粒的溶蚀而产生粒内溶孔，砂砾岩储层则因方解石胶结物溶蚀而产生粒间溶孔和剩余粒间孔。溶蚀流体为二叠系烃源岩成熟过程中产生的酸性流体。石南地区清一段储层共划分出强压实相、强胶结相、中强压实中胶结相、中压实弱胶结相和中强压实弱溶蚀相5 类成岩相类型，且以中强压实中胶结相为主。该地区地势高部位中压实弱胶结成岩相的河道砂岩（如夏盐8 井区），以及断层发育区中强压实弱溶蚀成岩相的砂砾岩（如石西12、石南44、石南31 井区）可形成较好储层。

关键词: 清水河组, 成岩作用, 成岩相, 油气意义, 准噶尔盆地, 石南地区

Abstract: In the First Member of Qingshuihe Formation (Qing 1 Member) in Shinan area, the Junggar Basin, sandstones and glutenites are widely developed with complex diagenesis, which is an important factor affecting reservoir development. Based on analysis of thin sections, cast thin sections, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), together with core observation, physical property data and log data, the diagenetic characteristics of the Qing 1 Member reservoirs were studied and the differences of diagenetic characteristics between sandstone and glutenite reservoirs were analyzed. It is shown that the Qing 1 Member reservoirs experienced three diagenesis, i.e., compaction, cementation and dissolution, and they were mainly at Period B of early diagenesis and locally at Period A of middle diagenesis. Compaction is the major factor leading to the physical property loss of Qing 1 Member sandstone reservoirs. In glutenites, however, compaction was relatively weak due to the support of rigid gravels, so a large amount of diagenetic fluids flowed through its primary pores and were cemented in a large area. Therefore, cementation is the main factor affecting the physical properties of glutenites. Dissolution is an important factor for the improvement of reservoirs. In sandstone reservoirs, intragranular dissolved pores are produced by the dissolution of plagioclase grains. And in glutenite reservoirs, intergranular dissolved pores and residual intergranular pores are formed by the dissolution of calcite cement. Dissolution fluid is the acidic fluid generated during the maturation of the Permian source rocks. Five types of diagenetic facies are identified in the Qing 1 Member reservoirs in Shinan area, including strong compaction facies, strong cementation facies, mediumstrong compaction and medium cementation facies, medium compaction and weak cementation facies, and medium-strong compaction and weak dissolution facies. The medium-strong compaction and medium cementation facies is predominant. In this area, favorable reservoirs may exist in the channel sandstones of medium compaction and weak cementation facies at the structural highs (e.g. Xiayan 8 well block) and the glutenites of medium-strong compaction and weak dissolution facies in fault development zones (e.g. Shixi 12, Shinan 44 and Shinan 31 well blocks).

Key words: Junggar Basin, Shinan area, Qingshuihe Formation, diagenesis, diagenetic facies, petroleum significance

靳军, 向宝力, 王剑, 张宝真, 高崇龙, 罗正江. 准噶尔盆地石南地区清水河组一段成岩特征及其油气意义[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2016, 21(2): 61-68.

Jin Jun, Xiang Baoli, Wang Jian, Zhang Baozhen, Gao Chonglong, Luo Zhengjiang. Diagenetic characteristics of the First Member of Qingshuihe Formation in Shinan area, Junggar Basin, and its petroleum significance[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016, 21(2): 61-68.

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