常规钻具组合防斜打快钻压优选与应用

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对于常规钻具组合防斜打快，目前国内主要采用轻压吊打和大钻压预弯曲被动防斜技术来实现复杂地层井斜的有效控制。然而较低的钻压导致机械钻速低，大钻压预弯曲技术使钻柱容易失稳而导致井下复杂，因此如何平衡防斜打直、机械钻速、钻柱失稳三者间的关系，合理选取钻压是常规钻具防斜打快的关键。为此，基于纵横弯曲梁及管柱弯曲理论，充分考虑地层造斜力对井斜的影响，以钻头综合作用力最小为准则，建立了常规钻具组合直井防斜打快钻压的优选模型，编制了计算机程序，并以伊拉克米桑油田BUCS-44H井为例，开展了现场试验。结果表明：不同倾斜程度的地层具有不同的钻压适用范围，在高陡构造中使用降斜特性较强的钻具，并在钻柱预弯曲的条件下，施加大钻压钻进可以平衡机械钻速与防斜打直间的矛盾；充分考虑地层造斜特性及钻具自身造斜特性选取的最优钻压，既能避免钻柱失稳，也能实现防斜打快，对现场井斜控制具有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 防斜打快, 临界钻压, 常规钻具组合, 井斜控制, 纵横弯曲梁法

Abstract: In China, to achieve deflection control while fast drilling with conventional drilling assembly, easing the bit in light pressure and high WOB pre-bending passive anti-deviation technique are often combined to realize hole deflection control in complex formations. However, low weight on bit (WOB) may lead to low rate of penetration (ROP), and high WOB pre-bending passive anti-deviation technique may make the drill string become instable and thereby cause underground complexities. So, for purpose of balancing the relationship among deflection control while fast drilling, ROP and drill string instability, it is necessary to select an optimal WOB. In this study, based on the vertical and horizontal bending beam and column bending theory, a WOB optimization model for deflection controlling and straight drilling with conventional drilling assembly in vertical well was built, which considers the influences of formation deflecting force on well deflection and the minimum comprehensive bit force. Relevant computer program was prepared. Moreover, field test was made in Well BUCS-44H in Missan Oilfield, Iraq. The results show that different range of WOB is applicable to formations with different deflections. In high and steep structures, drill tools with high angle drop capacity are used, and under the condition of pre-bent drill string, high WOB can be adopted to address the contradiction between ROP and deviation controlling and straight drilling. In addition, an optimal WOB is selected by fully considering the deflecting features in formations and those of drill tool itself. In this way, the instability of drill string can be avoided, and deflection control while fast drilling can also be achieved. This study has a certain guiding significance on deflection control on site.

Key words: deflection control while fast drilling, critical WOB, conventional drilling assembly, deflection control, vertical and horizontal bending beam method

税国煌, 何世明, 邓翔. 常规钻具组合防斜打快钻压优选与应用[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2016, 21(2): 92-98.

Shui Guohuang, He Shiming, Deng Xiang. Optimization and application of WOB for deflection control while fast drilling with conventional drilling assembly[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016, 21(2): 92-98.

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