鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组四段沉积期岩相古地理及其控储效应

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2022.04.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： MT1井的战略突破揭示鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组四段（简称马四段）具有良好的勘探前景，然而对马四段沉积期岩相古地理及储层认识的不足制约了天然气勘探与部署。利用地质与地球物理相结合的方法，对马四段沉积期岩相古地理进行恢复并开展岩相古地理对储层发育的控制研究，结果表明：（1）马四段沉积前鄂尔多斯盆地具有三隆一坳的古地理格局，三隆即伊盟古陆、中央古隆起和吕梁隆起，一坳即台内坳陷，又可进一步分为两凸两凹，即榆林—横山凸起、神木—米脂凸起、桃利庙凹陷和米脂凹陷。隆坳相间、坳中有凸的古地理格局控制了马四段储集相带的展布；（2）马四段沉积期由3个四级旋回组成，马四3亚段沉积期主体为海侵旋回，中央古隆起演化为弱镶边台地边缘，盆地东部整体表现为半局限台地，以石灰岩和云质石灰岩沉积为特点；马四₂ 亚段沉积期为海退早期，随着台缘滩的加积和海平面下降，台缘滩障壁作用凸显，盆地东部表现为局限台地沉积特点，在凸起区开始发育丘滩并沉积薄层白云岩和硬石膏岩；马四₁ 亚段沉积期为海退中期，台缘滩障壁作用加剧，盆地东部局限台地水体持续变浅，凸起以丘滩坪沉积为主，白云岩和硬石膏岩厚度增加、范围扩大。（3）岩相古地理控制了马四段储层发育的类型与分布，主要发育了颗粒白云岩储层、微生物白云岩储层和斑状（灰质）白云岩储层，颗粒白云岩储层和微生物白云岩储层受颗粒（丘）滩微相控制，沿古隆起和凸起区发育，而斑状（灰质）白云岩储层则分布于潟湖相。研究认为，榆林—横山凸起及神木—米脂凸起地区有利于马四段储层发育，是有利勘探区带。

关键词: 鄂尔多斯盆地, 奥陶系, 马家沟组, 岩相古地理, 储层类型, 控储效应

Abstract: The strategic breakthrough in Well MT 1 indicates promising prospects of the fourth member of Majiagou Formation (Ma 4 Member) in Ordos Basin. However, the lack of understanding on lithofacies paleogeography and reservoir development of Ma 4 Member restricts the further gas exploration and deployment. By integrating geological and geophysical methods, the lithofacies paleogeography restoration of Ma 4 member and its control on reservoir development are analyzed. The study results show that: (1) The paleogeography before the deposition of Ma 4 member had a pattern of “three uplifts and one depression”, i.e., Yimeng Ancient Land, Central Paleo Uplift, Lvliang Uplift, and Intra Platform Depression. Among them, the depression was further divided into two bulges and two sags, namely Yulin-Hengshan Bulge, Shenmu-Mizhi Bulge, Taolimiao Sag and Mizhi Sag. The paleogeographic pattern of alternating uplift and depression and bulge in depression controlled the distribution of favorable reservoir development zone of Ma 4 member; (2) Three fourth-order cycles were developed in the deposition period of Ma 4 member, including the third, second, and first submembers of Ma 4 member (i.e., Ma 4₃, Ma 4₂ and Ma 4₁) from bottom to top. Ma 4₃ submember was dominated by transgression cycle, in which the Central Uplift evolved into a weakly rimmed platform margin and the eastern basin presented a semi-restricted platform, with the main deposits of limestone and dolomitic limestone. Ma 4₂ submember was developed in the early-stage regression. With the accretion of platform marginal beach and the fall of sea level, the barrier effect of platform margin was prominent. The eastern basin was characterized by the restricted platform environment, and thin layers of dolomite and gypsum rocks of mound beach facies were deposited in bulge areas. Ma 4₁ submember was mainly deposited in the middle stage of regression. The barrier effect of the platform margin enhanced, and water depth in the restricted platform in the eastern basin continued to be shallower.The mound beach was dominated in bulge areas, with a larger thickness and wider distribution range of dolomite and gypsum rock; (3) The lithofacies paleogeography controlled the type and distribution of Ma 4 member reservoir, with the grain dolomite, microbial dolomite and porphyritic (limy) dolomite reservoirs developed. Controlled by the grain (mound) beach microfacies, the grain dolomite and microbial dolomite reservoirs were developed at the paleo uplift and bulge area. While the porphyritic (limy) dolomite reservoir was mainly developed in lagoon environments. In conclusion, Yulin-Hengshan and Shenmu-Mizhi bulges are favorable areas for reservoir development and gas exploration practice.

中图分类号:

TE122

周进高, 张涛, 于洲, 吴东旭, 李程善, 丁振纯, 李维岭, 刘雨昕, 尹陈. 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组四段沉积期岩相古地理及其控储效应[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2022, 27(4): 61-74.

Zhou Jingao, Zhang Tao , Yu Zhou, Wu Dongxu, Li Chengshan, Ding Zhenchun, Li Weiling, Liu Yuxin, Yin Chen. Lithofacies paleogeography in the deposition period of the fourth member of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation and its reservoir control effect, Ordos Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2022, 27(4): 61-74.

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