四川盆地渝西大安地区灰质源岩气勘探突破与资源潜力

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2024.02.003

中国石油勘探 ›› 2024, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 30-45.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2024.02.003

四川盆地渝西大安地区灰质源岩气勘探突破与资源潜力

梁兴¹,张磊¹,蒋立伟¹,单长安²,潘峰³,罗瑀峰¹,孟阳⁴,王高成¹,舒红林¹,朱斗星⁴,李博硕²,汪振东²,姚秋昌¹,徐政语⁵

1中国石油浙江油田公司；2西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院；3斯伦贝谢（中国）公司地球科学研究院；4中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探公司研究院；5中国石油杭州地质研究院

出版日期:2024-03-15 发布日期:2024-03-15
作者简介:梁兴（1965-），男，广西玉林人，博士，2006年毕业于西南石油大学，正高级工程师，主要从事非常规油气地质工程一体化综合评价、油气勘探开发部署设计、工程技术攻关研究和科技管理等工作。地址：浙江省杭州市余杭区五常街道荆山湾路29号，邮政编码：311100。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“川南国家级页岩气示范区地震活动性风险评估与对策研究”（2020YFA0710600），“分布式光纤地震成像与反演的关键技术及应用研究”（2021YFA0716800)；中国石油天然气集团有限公司“十四五”前瞻性基础性科技项目“昭通浅层页岩气藏储层微观特征及富存机理研究”（2021DJ1903）；中国石油天然气集团有限公司重大科技专项“深层页岩气有效开采关键技术攻关与试验”(2019-F31)，“井下光纤智能监测技术现场试验”（2020F-44），“中国石油十四五油气资源评价”（2023YQX201)。

Exploration breakthrough and resource potential of limy source rock gas in Da’an area in the western Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

Liang Xing¹, Zhang Lei¹, Jiang Liwei¹, Shan Chang’an², Pan Feng³, Luo Yufeng¹, Meng Yang⁴, Wang Gaocheng¹, Shu Honglin¹, Zhu Douxing⁴, Li Boshuo², Wang Zhendong², Yao Qiuchang¹, Xu Zhengyu⁵

1 PetroChina Zhejiang Oilfield Company; 2 School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University; 3 Research Institute of Earth Sciences, Schlumberger (China); 4 Research Institute of BGP Inc., CNPC; 5 PetroChina Hangzhou Research institute of Geology

Online:2024-03-15 Published:2024-03-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 四川盆地渝西大安地区茅口组一段（茅一段）灰质源岩气勘探取得了重大突破，对灰质源岩气的源内非常规勘探具有重要借鉴和示范意义。DB1H井是四川盆地针对茅一段暗色灰质源岩非常规气藏评价部署的首口水平井，通过酸化压裂试气获得高达55.6×10⁴m³/d的测试产量。系统介绍了渝西大安地区茅一段灰质源岩气的发现历程，展望了四川盆地茅一段灰质源岩气的资源前景。通过对渝西大安地区茅一段灰质源岩地质特征研究，认为该层系岩性主要为中缓坡相深灰色—黑灰色富有机质泥晶生屑灰岩，且区域稳定分布，是中国南方中上扬子地区重要的海相灰质源岩地层。茅一段灰质源岩气整体经历了富有机质碳酸盐岩沉积—成岩—成烃—成储—成藏—赋存“源内一体化演变”成藏过程，具有“源储一体、原位富集、连续型展布”的成藏特征。以微米级为主体的源内微观孔隙及与断层伴生的溶蚀孔洞、微缝网体系为气体主要储集空间，构成了基质孔隙型（原生型）和裂缝—孔隙型（改造型）两类储层，建立了“源储一体为主兼构造转折带短距离运移富集”的灰质源岩气成藏模式和甜点评价体系。富有机质暗色灰质源岩的发育、有利的古隆起和现今背斜构造背景，及与古断层有关的断控型岩溶、张性应力微裂缝的发育叠置，为茅一段灰质源岩新型储层富集高产的关键。初步估算四川盆地茅一段灰质源岩气资源量可达2×10¹²m³，将成为盆内现实增储上产战略意义的非常规勘探新领域。

关键词: 渝西大安, 茅一段, 灰质源岩气, 源内非常规勘探, 源内一体化演变

Abstract: A major breakthrough has been made in the exploration of limy source rock gas in the first member of Maokou Formation (Mao 1 member) in Well DB1H in Da’an area in the western Chongqing, Sichuan Basin, which has important reference and demonstration significance for the intra-source exploration of limy source rock unconventional gas in the Basin. The first horizontal well DB1H was drilled to evaluate the dark limy source rock gas reservoir in Mao 1 member in Sichuan Basin and a high gas rate of 55.6×10⁴ m³/d was tested after acidizing and fracturing. The discovery process of limy source rock gas in Mao 1 member in Da’an area has systematically been introduced, and the resource prospect in Sichuan Basin has been estimated. The analysis of geological characteristics of limy source rock gas in Mao 1 member in Da’an area in the western Chongqing shows that the main lithology is composed of medium-gentle slope facies deep gray-black organic-rich micritic bioclastic limestone, with stable distribution in the region, which is an important marine limy source rock in the Middle and Upper Yangtze region in South China. The hydrocarbon accumulation process of limy source rock gas in Mao 1 member showed an “intra-source integrated evolution” of organic-rich carbonate rock deposition, diagenesis, hydrocarbon generation, reservoir formation, hydrocarbon accumulation and preservation, which had characteristics of “source rock and reservoir integration, in-situ hydrocarbon enrichment, and contiguous gas distribution”. The micro-sized pores in source rock, and the dissolution pores and micro-fracture network system associated with faults served as the main reservoir space, forming two types of reservoirs, i.e., matrix porosity type (primary) and fracture-porosity type (transformed). The hydrocarbon accumulation pattern of “mainly source rock and reservoir integration and enrichment in local structural transition zone after short-distance migration” has been established and the sweet spot evaluation system has been constructed. The key factors for gas enrichment and high-yield production in the new type of limy source rock reservoir in Mao 1 member include the development of organic rich dark limy source rock, favorable paleo uplift, anticlinal tectonic settings at present, and fault-controlled karst and extensional micro-fractures. The estimated resources of limy source rock gas in Mao 1 member are 2×10¹² m³in Sichuan Basin, which is a new unconventional field for increasing reserves and production in the basin.

中图分类号:

TE122.1

梁兴, 张磊, 蒋立伟, 单长安, 潘峰, 罗瑀峰, 孟阳, 王高成, 舒红林, 朱斗星, 李博硕, 汪振东, 姚秋昌, 徐政语. 四川盆地渝西大安地区灰质源岩气勘探突破与资源潜力[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2024, 29(2): 30-45.

Liang Xing, Zhang Lei, Jiang Liwei, Shan Chang’an, Pan Feng, Luo Yufeng, Meng Yang, Wang Gaocheng, Shu Honglin, Zhu Douxing, Li Boshuo, Wang Zhendong, Yao Qiuchang, Xu Zhengyu. Exploration breakthrough and resource potential of limy source rock gas in Da’an area in the western Chongqing, Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2024, 29(2): 30-45.

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四川盆地渝西大安地区灰质源岩气勘探突破与资源潜力

Exploration breakthrough and resource potential of limy source rock gas in Da’an area in the western Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

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