Geochemical characteristics and accumulation pattern of gas reservoirs of the Sinian-Permian in central Sichuan uplift zone, Sichuan Basin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2021.06.004

Abstract

Abstract: The natural gas resources are abundant in central Sichuan uplift zone, with proven reserve of more than one trillion cubic meters of the Sinian-Cambrian, gas discovery from the Middle Permian Qixia Formation, and commercial gas flows from Xixiangchi Formation,Maokou Formation, Xuanwuyan Formation and Changxing Formation. The geochemical characteristics of various gas reservoirs vary greatly.A large number of experimental data of natural gas composition, carbon isotope and hydrogen isotope are analyzed from newly drilled gas wells to systematically study the genesis and accumulation characteristics of gas reservoirs in central Sichuan uplift zone, so as to identify the key exploration areas with gas reserve of trillion cubic meters. The study results show that: (1) The gas reservoirs of the Sinian, Cambrian and Permian are dry gas mainly composed of hydrocarbon gas with drying coefficient of greater than 0.997, which is crude oil pyrolysis gas.The geochemical characteristics of C2H6 content, d13C2 and d2HCH4 of the Permian gas reservoir is similar with those of the Cambrian gas reservoir generated by source rock of the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation. For example, gas reservoir of Qixia Formation in GS19 is characterized by high C2H6 content, light d13C2 and light d2HCH4, while gas reservoir of the Upper Sinian Dengying Formation has low C2H6 content, heavy d13C2 and light d2HCH4. The difference of C2H6 content and d13C2 is mainly related to maturity, and that of d2HCH4 is mainly affected by water salinity of the parent sediments. (2) The gas reservoirs in Anyue and Taihe areas are crude oil pyrolysis gas in different evolution stages, in which the former is mainly in the late stage, while the latter is in the early-late stage. The d13C2 of gas reservoir in Anyue area is heavier than that in Taihe area; (3) There are two types of accumulation pattern of the Sinian - Permian gas reservoirs, i.e., single-source and dual-source. The Cambrian gas reservoir and Permian Qixia gas reservoir in GS19 are single-source accumulation pattern, with source rocks of Qiongzhusi Formation and Longmaxi Formation, respectively. The Sinian Dengying gas reservoir and other Permian gas reservoirs are dual-source accumulation pattern, which are supplied by source rock of Qiongzhusi Formation, and supplemented by the Sinian and Permian source rocks respectively. The study indicates that the difference of geochemical characteristics of different gas reservoirs is mainly caused by the contribution ratio of source rocks of different geological ages. The superimposed and contiguous high-quality reservoir in Taihe area is closely adjacent to source rocks or within the range of paleo oil reservoir, which has a resource scale of one trillion cubic meters, showing great exploration potential.

CLC Number:

TE124.1

Xie Zengye, Wei Guoqi, Li Jian, Xu Liang, Zhang Lu, Li Jin, Li Zhisheng, Wu Saijun, Guo Zeqing, Hao Aisheng. Geochemical characteristics and accumulation pattern of gas reservoirs of the Sinian-Permian in central Sichuan uplift zone, Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2021, 26(6): 50-67.

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