Abstract: The uplift-depression framework of Tarim Craton in Nanhua-Cambrian controlled the temporal and spatial distribution of source rock, reservoir and cap rock assemblages of the subsalt Cambrian, which had an important influence on the selection of favorable exploration zones of the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian. The tectonic paleogeographic evolution of Tarim Craton in Nanhua-Cambrian is comprehensively studied by using field outcrops, new acquired 3D seismic and wells data. Results show that in Nanhua period, active rifts and passive uplifts were formed in extensional setting caused by the breakup of Rodinia supercontinent, with a structural pattern of “two uplifts and four depressions”, including the Central Uplift, Kuqa-Tabei Uplift, Manjiar Depression, Maigaiti Depression, Awati Depression, and Hotan Depression. In Sinian period, affected by the compressional-extensional tectonic settings after the Kuruktag movement, the southern Tarim Uplift was strongly uplifted, the western Tarim Platform was developed, and the Awati Depression and Maigaiti Depression changed into the intra platform sags; The tectonic paleogeography was divided into four units, i.e., southern Tarim Uplift, western Tarim Platform, Manjiar Depression and Hotan Depression. Furthermore, the western Tarim Platform was subdivided into Tabei Bulge, Keping-Gucheng Bulge,Aman Paleo Ridge, Manxi Paleo Ridge, Awati Sag, Manxi Sag, Maigaiti Sag and Wushi Sag. In the Cambrian, controlled by the extensional setting after the Keping movement, the tectonic paleogeography was divided into seven first-order structural units, namely the southern Tarim The uplift-depression framework of Tarim Craton in Nanhua-Cambrian controlled the temporal and spatial distribution of source rock, reservoir and cap rock assemblages of the subsalt Cambrian, which had an important influence on the selection of favorable exploration zones of the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian. The tectonic paleogeographic evolution of Tarim Craton in Nanhua-Cambrian is comprehensively studied by using field outcrops, new acquired 3D seismic and wells data. Results show that in Nanhua period, active rifts and passive uplifts were formed in extensional setting caused by the breakup of Rodinia supercontinent, with a structural pattern of “two uplifts and four depressions”, including the Central Uplift, Kuqa-Tabei Uplift, Manjiar Depression, Maigaiti Depression, Awati Depression, and Hotan Depression. In Sinian period, affected by the compressional-extensional tectonic settings after the Kuruktag movement, the southern Tarim Uplift was strongly uplifted, the western Tarim Platform was developed, and the Awati Depression and Maigaiti Depression changed into the intra platform sags; The tectonic paleogeography was divided into four units, i.e., southern Tarim Uplift, western Tarim Platform, Manjiar Depression and Hotan Depression. Furthermore, the western Tarim Platform was subdivided into Tabei Bulge, Keping-Gucheng Bulge, Aman Paleo Ridge, Manxi Paleo Ridge, Awati Sag, Manxi Sag, Maigaiti Sag and Wushi Sag. In the Cambrian, controlled by the extensionalsetting after the Keping movement, the tectonic paleogeography was divided into seven first-order structural units, namely the southern Tarim