Genesis, type and reservoir formation law of natural gas in western Qaidam Basin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2019.04.010

Abstract

Abstract: The western depressed area of the Qaidam Basin is an important zone for oil and gas exploration, with unique Paleogene-Neogene source rocks in plateau saline lake facies. In recent years, important discoveries have been made in the middle-deep layers of Nanyishan, Huangguayao, Kaitemilike, Yingzhong and Zahaquan, etc., and many natural gas reservoirs have been discovered. However, the source of natural gas in this area is controversial. Whether there is mixed deep Jurassic coal-type gas affects the understanding of natural gas and reservoir-forming model in this area and the next exploration direction. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of geochemical characteristics of a large number of natural gas samples, the geochemical differences of natural gas between Paleogene-Neogene in western Qaidam Basin and Jurassic in the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin, and the geochemical characteristics of associated crude oil and regional geological conditions were studied, and the following three cognitions were obtained: (1) Unlike other regions, carbon isotope of ethane cannot be used as the main index to identify the type of high mature saline lacustrine natural gas in western Qaidam Basin. (2) The natural gas in western Qaidam Basin mainly comes from the saline lacustrine source rocks of the upper member of the Lower Ganchaigou Formation (E3 2) and the Upper Ganchaigou Formation (N1). They are mainly oil-type gas, and there is almost no mixed Jurassic coal-type gas. (3) Gas accumulation in western Qaidam Basin is characterized by near source, with short transverse migration distance and late vertical adjustment. The areas with deep burial and high maturity of source rocks, such as Yingdong, Huangguayao-Kaitemilike and Youdunzi, are important exploration areas in the future.

CLC Number:

Zhang Yongshu, Zhou Fei, Wang Bo, Zeng Xu, Zhang Jing, Zhang Xiaobo. Genesis, type and reservoir formation law of natural gas in western Qaidam Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2019, 24(4): 498-508.

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