Genetic mechanisms and development practice of low saturation oil reservoir in the Chenghai high slope of the Qikou Sag: a case study of the N1g3 oil reservoir in the Liuguanzhuang oilfield#br#

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2021.01.006

Abstract

Abstract: Liuguanzhuang oilfield, located in the Chenghai high slope area on the southern margin of the Qikou Sag, is characterized
by high density, high viscosity, and low saturation crude oil. However, the distribution law of low saturation oil reservoir is
not clear. This type of oil reservoir is difficult to recover and utilize because measures such as thermal recovery and chemical
viscosity reduction generally produce unsatisfactory results. Taking the Liuguanzhuang oilfield as an example, this paper analyzes
the formation mechanisms of low saturation oil reservoir in detail. The study shows that the main controlling factors of the low
saturation oil reservoir in N1g3 include long distance migration of hydrocarbons from the source, strong heterogeneity of the reservoir,and wide and gentle structures. Considered in combination with the enrichment characteristics of the low saturation oil
reservoir, this indicates that the assemblage of Guantao formation unconformity and its overlying basal conglomerate in the high
slope of the Chenghai area, determines the main channel for hydrocarbon migration and also contains the carrier layer for low
saturation oil—an oil-bearing “box”. The hydrocarbon accumulation pattern in the Liuguanzhuang area is dominated by low
saturation oil reservoirs, supplemented by conventional structural and lithologic oil and gas reservoirs, and with “stereoscopic
oil-bearing and integrated as a whole” in the grooves. The development method of “horizontal well + CO2 huff and puff” has been
implemented in a total of ten horizontal wells, with the average production of a single well rising from about 2 t to up to 50 t, and
the recovery factor improving by 7.9%, which is a great benefit for the development of low saturation oil reservoirs in the
Liuguanzhuang oilfield.

CLC Number:

Zhou Lihong, Han Guomeng, Dong Xiaowei, Chen Changwei, Ji Jianzheng, Ma Jianying, Zhou Lianmin, Rao Min, Zhang Rui. Genetic mechanisms and development practice of low saturation oil reservoir in the Chenghai high slope of the Qikou Sag: a case study of the N1g3 oil reservoir in the Liuguanzhuang oilfield#br#[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2021, 26(1): 74-85.

References

[1] 戴胜群，徐勋诚，洪秀娥，等．低饱和度油藏原始饱和度计算及含水上升规律[J]. 海洋石油，2011,31(4):68-72. Dai Shengqun, Xu Xuncheng, Hong Xiu’e, et al . The initial oil saturation calculation and water cut rising rules of low oil saturation reservoir[J]. Offshore Oil，2011,31(4):68-72.
[2] 许秀才．古龙凹陷葡萄花油层低饱和度油藏成因[J]. 断块油气田， 2017,24(3):320-323. Xu Xiucai. Genesis of low oil-saturated reservoir of Putaohua oil layer in Gulong sag[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field， 2017,24(3):320-323.
[3] 王昕，杨斌，王瑞．吐哈油田低饱和度油藏地质工程一体化效益勘探实践[J]．中国石油勘探，2017,22(1):38-45． Wang Xin, Yang Bin, Wang Rui．Beneficial exploration based on geology-engineering integration in low-saturation oil reservoirs of Tuha Oilfield [J]．China Petroleum Exploration，2017, 22(1):38-45．
[4] 刘俊田，陈旋，季卫华，等．红台地区西山窑组低饱和度油气藏成因机理研究[J]．石油地质与工程，2017,31(4):17-21． Liu Juntian, Chen Xuan, Ji Weihua, et al ．Genetic mechanism of low saturated reservoirs in Xishanyao Formation of Hongtai area[J]．Petroleum Geology & Engineering，2017,31(4):17-21．
[5] 康积伦, 靳继坤, 蒲振山, 等．吐哈盆地台北凹陷低含油饱和度油藏勘探实践及启示[J]．新疆石油天然气，2019,15(2):1-5． Kang Jilun, Jin Jikun, Pu Zhenshan, et al ．Exploration application and performance of low oil saturation reservoirs in Taibei sag of Tuha Basin[J]．Xinjiang Oil & Gas，2019,15(2):1-5．
[6] 李卓，姜振学，李峰．塔里木盆地塔中16 石炭系低含油饱和度油藏成因机理[J]．地球科学——中国地质大学学报，2014,39(5): 557-564． Li Zhuo, Jiang Zhenxue, Li Feng．Genetic mechanism of carboniferous low-oil saturation reservoirs in Tazhong-16 well block[J]．Earth Science — Journal of China University of Geosciences， 2014,39(5):557-564．
[7] 周立宏，韩国猛，董越崎，等．渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷滨海断鼻断—砂组合模式与油气成藏[J]．石油勘探与开发，2019,46(5):869-882． Zhou Lihong, Han Guomeng, Dong Yueqi, et al ．Fault-sand combination modes and hydrocarbon accumulation in Binhai fault nose of Qikou sag, Bohai Bay Basin, East China[J]．Petroleum Exploration and Development，2019,46(5):869-882．
[8] 赵贤正，周立宏，蒲秀刚，等．断陷湖盆斜坡区油气富集理论与勘探实践：以黄骅坳陷古近系为例[J]. 中国石油勘探，2017,22(2): 13-24. Zhao Xianzheng, Zhou Lihong, Pu Xiugang, et al . Hydrocarbon enrichment theory and exploration practice in the slope of fault lake basin: a case study of Paleogene in Huanghua depression[J]. China Petroleum Exploration，2017,22(2):13-24.
[9] 赵贤正，蒲秀刚，王家豪，等．断陷盆地缓坡区控砂控藏机制与勘探发现：以歧口凹陷歧北缓坡带为例[J]. 石油学报，2017,38(7): 729-739. Zhao Xianzheng, Pu Xiugang, Wang Jiahao, et al . Sand and reservoir controlling mechanism and exploration discovery in the gentle slope of fault basin: a case study of Qibei slope in Qikou sag[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica，2017,38(7):729-739.
[10] 周立宏，王鑫，付立新，等．黄骅坳陷乌马营潜山二叠系砂岩凝析气藏的发现及其地质意义[J]. 中国石油勘探，2019,24(4):431-438. Zhou Lihong, Wang Xin, Fu Lixin, et al . Discovery and geological significance of the Permian sandstone condensate gas reservoir in Wumaying buried hill, Huanghua depression[J]. China Petroleum Exploration，2019,24(4):431-438.
[11] 张洪，赵贤正，王居峰，等．渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷南部高斜坡馆陶组不整合面及其油气成藏特征[J]. 天然气地球科学，2019,30(10): 1465-1476. Zhang Hong, Zhao Xianzheng, Wang Jufeng, et al . Characteristics of unconformity and its effect on hydrocarbon accumulations in Guantao Formation in the southern high slope of Qikou sag, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience，2019,30(10): 1465-1476.
[12] 索艳慧，李三忠，许立青，等．渤海湾盆地大歧口凹陷新生代构造演化与盆地原型[J]. 地质科学，2015,50(2):473-488. Suo Yanhui, Li Sanzhong, Xu Liqing, et al . Cenozoic structural evolution and proto type basin o f t he Grea t Q i k o u sag, the Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2015, 50(2):473-488.
[13] 王芝尧，卢异，刘志英．歧口凹陷构造演化特征及控油气作用[J]. 中国石油勘探，2013,18(1):15-21. Wang Zhiyao, Lu Yi, Liu Zhiying. Structural development characteristics of Qikou depression and controlling effects of oil and gas[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2013,18(1):15-21.
[14] 姜文亚，柳飒．层序地层格架中优质烃源岩分布与控制因素：以歧口凹陷古近系为例[J]. 中国石油勘探，2015,20(2):51-58. Jiang Wenya, Liu Sa. Distribution and controlling factors of high-quality hydrocarbon source rock in sequential stratigraphic framework: taking Paleogene system in Qikou depression for instance[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2015,20(2):51-58.
[15] 邢作昌，张忠涛，林畅松，等．珠江口盆地荔湾凹陷北部早中新世沟槽特征及其成因[J]. 古地理学报，2019,21(2):339-350. Xing Zuochang, Zhang Zhongtao, Lin Changsong, et al . Features and origin of the early Miocene grooves in northern Liwan sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography， 2019,21(2):339-350.
[16] 杜金虎，支东明，唐勇，等．准噶尔盆地上二叠统风险领域分析与沙湾凹陷战略发现[J]. 中国石油勘探，2019,24(1):24-35. Du Jinhu, Zhi Dongming, Tang Yong, et al . Prospects in Upper Permian and strategic discovery in Shawan sag, Junggar Basin [J]. China Petroleum Exploration，2019,24(1):24-35.
[17] 曹红霞，吴海燕，任星民，等．鄂尔多斯盆地东南部奥陶系岩溶古地貌与储层分布规律[J]. 中国石油勘探，2020,25(3):146-155. Cao Hongxia, Wu Haiyan, Ren Xingmin, et al. Karst paleogeomorphology and reservoir distribution pattern of Ordovician in the southeastern Ordos Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2020,25(3):146-155.
[18] 刘柏林，李治平，匡松远，等．低含油饱和度油藏油水渗流特征：以准噶尔盆地中部1 区块为例[J]. 油气地质与采收率，2007,14(1): 69-72. Liu Bailin, Li Zhiping, Kuang Songyuan, et al . Percolation features of oil and water in low-oil saturation oil reservoirs: taking block 1 in the center of Junggar Basin as an example［J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency，2007,14(1):69-72.
[19] 刘柏林．低含油饱和度油藏成因及渗流特征研究：以新疆准噶尔中部 1 区块为例[D]. 北京：中国地质大学( 北京），2008. Liu Bailin. Study on the genesis and the filtration characteristic of low oil-saturated reservoir: in the NO.1 area in the middle of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang[D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences (Beijing)，2008.
[20] 赵贤正，周立宏，肖敦清，等．歧口凹陷斜坡区油气成藏与勘探实践[J]. 石油学报，2016,37(2):1-9. Zhao Xianzheng, Zhou Lihong, Xiao Dunqing, et al . Hydrocarbon accumulation and exploration practice of slope area in Qikou sag[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica，2016,37(2):1-9.
[21] 袁淑琴，于长华，董晓伟，等．埕海高斜坡区地层岩性油气藏勘探技术[J]. 断块油气田，2010,17(6):649-651. Yuan Shuqin, Yu Changhua, Dong Xiaowei, et al . Exploration techniques of stratigraphic-lithologic hydrocarbon reservoirs in Chenghai high slope, Dagang Oilfield[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2010,17(6):649-651.
[22] 袁舟，廖新维，赵晓亮，等．砂岩油藏CO2 驱替过程中溶蚀作用对储层物性的影响[J]. 油气地质与采收率，2020,27(5):97-104. Yuan Zhou，Liao Xinwei，Zhao Xiaoliang，et al . Effect of dissolution on physical properties of sandstone reservoirs during CO2 flooding[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency， 2020,27(5):97-104.
[23] 宋黎光，赵凤兰，冯海如，等．低渗透油藏渗透率对CO2 驱重力超覆的影响规律[J]. 油气地质与采收率，2020,27(4):111-116. Song Liguang，Zhao Fenglan，Feng Hairu，et al . Influence of permeability on gravity segregation during CO2 flooding in low-permeability reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency，2020,27(4):111-116.
[24] 李阳．低渗透油藏CO2 驱提高采收率技术进展及展望[J]. 油气地质与采收率，2020,27(1):1-10. Li Yang. Technical advancement and prospect for CO2 flooding enhanced oil recovery in low permeability reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency，2020,27(1):1-10.
[25] 唐人选，梁珀，吴公益，等．苏北复杂断块油藏二氧化碳驱油效果影响因素分析及认识[J]. 石油钻探技术，2020,48(1):98-103. Tang Renxuan, Liang Po, Wu Gongyi, et al . Analyzing and understanding the influencing factors of CO2 flooding in the Subei complex fault block reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques，2020,48(1):98-103.
[26] 周君，张鑫，刘云鹏．欢50 块二氧化碳驱可行性研究[J]. 石油地质与工程，2013,27(20):127-129. Zhou Jun, Zhang Xin, Liu Yunpeng. Feasibility study on CO2 flooding of Huan 50 block[J]. Petroleum Geology & Engineering，2013,27(20):127-129.