Abstract: Deep tight sandstone reservoirs in the Middle-Lower Jurassic in the Yiqikelike area, Kuqa depression in the Tarim Basin, are characterized by complex diagenesis, strong heterogeneity, and poor understandings of reservoir characteristics and genesis. This paper analyzes the diagenetic evolution stages of these reservoirs and the factors controlling their physical properties in detail, using analysis methods such as casting thin section, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), physical property analysis, X-ray diffraction, and CT scanning. The results of previous research are combined, including regional stratigraphic burial history, paleo-geothermal history, Ro evolution history, and sedimentary facies. The results show that: (1) The reservoirs in the Middle-Lower Jurassic are characterized by low compositional maturity, high content of plastic litho-clast, and medium textural maturity. (2) The burial depth of the reservoirs is mainly 4,0005,000 m. The reservoir spaces are dominated by secondary dissolution pores and fractures, with average porosity of 7.21% and average permeability of 9.15 mD, which represents a low porosity and low permeability reservoirs. However, some reservoirs have high permeability due to the development of tectonic fractures. (3) The diagenetic evolution of the reservoirs can be divided into two stages. The first stage occurred before the Neogene and had two prominent features. One was burial compaction during initial sedimentation, which led to porosity reduction. The other is dissolution by humic acid during long-term shallow burial, which led to porosity increment. The second stage occurred after the Neogene. Diagenesis in this stage also had two particular features. One was lateral compaction of reservoirs during rapid burial, which led to porosity reduction. The other was cementation by large amounts of illite, generated at the same time, which also decreased porosity. Permeability of the reservoirs was improved by the development of large numbers of fractures. (4) The main factors controlling the physical properties of high-quality reservoirs are the hydrodynamic conditions during sedimentation, late diagenesis, and the tectonic compression. Sandstones developed in the sedimentary microfacies of coarse sand-braided river channels, and underwater distributary channels are rich in rigid grains such as quartz which have strong compression resistance, providing the sedimentary basis for the formation of high-quality reservoirs. The development of fractures has greatly improved reservoir permeability in the study area and is the main controlling factor for the development of high-quality reservoirs.