Abstract: The igneous rock has developed in shallow layer and near-surface layer in Fushan sag of Hainan, and the geological condition is very complex in sea and land areas, these factors lead to multiple waves and refraction waves, it gets difficult to image the seismic data, and the seismic data are characterized by low resolution, low signal-to-noise ratio and poor quality. In order to solve these seismic acquisition problems, this paper firstly analyses the shortages of old acquisition methods to find out the relationships between the igneous rock and seismic data quality. Then according to the features of the target layers, the special geological and geographical conditions in this area, this paper selects the optimization method and demonstrates different acquisition parameters. Finally it ascertains the ideal observation system featuring in big offset, high fold and small binning. In order to guarantee the shot energy, to avoid the multiple waves and to get high quality seismic data, the shot is under the near-surface weathering layer and the igneous rock layer with different folds in different areas.

Key words: Fushan sag, seismic data acquisition, geometry, binning size, fold