Since Zhenyuan gas field, one of the first gas fields in the world, was drilled successfully in Sinian Dengying Formation of Weiji well in Weiyuan structure in 1964, no significant breakthrough has been made in Sichuan Basin after nearly 50 years? exploration. Five types of sedimentary facies developed in early Dengying Formation of Late Sinian of the basin, i.e. the carbonate tidal flat facies of platform, the carbonate tidal-flat facies on top of the platform lagoon, the carbonate shallow ramp facies of platform, the carbonate shallow ramp facies held by lagoon facies of platform, and the carbonate deep-shallow ramp facies of platform. Through comprehensive study on available data, four successive paleohighs including Yaan-Longnvsi paleohigh, Luzhou paleohigh, Tianjingshan paleohigh, and Kaijiang paleohigh had been formed as early as the Caledonian end of the basin, and they are favorable for oil and gas accumulation. Also the drill depth could be fulfilled by use of current drilling technologies. But in Kaijiang paleohigh, with less drilled wells, whether there are uplifts in Dengying Formation needs to be proved through seismic work

The relationship between the characteristics and distribution of the thrust nappe structure in the central-southern Huanghua Depression and the thrust characteristics of the MT profile from Cangxian Uplift to Huanghua Depression to Chengning Uplift is studied and the conclusions are as follows: the thrust nappe structure in the central-southern Huanghua Depression features in wide distribution, only lower Paleozoic strata involved, diversity, and small scale, showing "thin-skinned" structure while the profile of MT shows strong thrust in both Cangxian and Chengning Uplifts. The distinct discrepancy between the inner Huanghua Depression and the uplifts is attributed to adjustment of large scale strike-slip fault of Cangdong and Yanshan-Dawa Faults. For the distribution of thrust-nappe structure in central-southern Huanghua Depression, the thrust-stacked structure and thrust imbricate structure are mainly in the west while high-angle thrust-nappe structure is mainly in the east. The distribution pattern of the thrust-nappe structure may be related to compression stress between the Yangtze plate and the North China plate in late Indosinian and early Yanshanian

Unconformity plays an important role in petroleum accumulation. It could be a kind of conductor for lateral petroleum migration and could also obstruct petroleum migration to form unconformity reservoirs. This paper analyzes the unconformity between Mesozoic and Cenozoic of west segment of northern margin in Qaidam Basin from the aspects of stratigraphic contact relationship, lithologic allocation relationship, basal conglomerate distribution and thickness, identifying seven kinds of stratigraphic contact relationship and five types of lithologic allocation relationship, and analyzing the effect of different allocation relationship on petroleum accumulation. It summarizes the role of unconformity in petroleum accumulation. First of all, unconformity is the most important lateral and longdistance conductor from source to reservoir. Secondly, existence and formation of unconformity directly affects the petroleum accumulation and distribution. According to the characteristics of unconformity development, considering other accumulation conditions, this paper puts forward that the buried area and Lenghu No.7 area of Saishiteng sag are favorable for exploration

Based on the study of structural evolution and sedimentary filling of Santanghu Basin, in terms of hydrocarbon accumulation, this article analyses the hydrocarbon passage system and their controlling on hydrocarbon migration by use of the study method of passage system comprehensively. The results show that unconformity, fault and sand body are identified as three important pathway types in this area. Faults control the longitudinal distribution of Jurassic reservoir, the migrating capability of unconformity and sand body controls the planar distribution of Jurassic reservoir. The compound passage system, including fault-unconformity-sand body type and fault-sand body type that control two models of hydrocarbon accumulation, is formed by the combination of different elements. And the rule of oil and gas accumulation is further studied, which provides theoretical basis for oil and gas exploration.

The eastern slope of Kendong Uplift is surrounded by Huanghekou, Laizhou Bay, and Qingdong hydrocarbon generation sags, and has very favorable conditions for hydrocarbon generation. Influenced by the regional structural movement of Paleogene, excellent oil and gas transporting system took shape, based on the coupling of the extensional faults developed from east to west in the area, the regional unconformities, braided or fan delta developed on a large scale in the Paleogene, which is favorable for oil and gas migration and accumulation in the area. Meanwhile, oil and gas reservoir types and accumulation layers vary a lot, due to the control of different transportation types on oil and gas reservoir formation

According to four resource evaluation results in Jiyang Depression, it is regarded that better understanding of resource potential may be gained in pace with the increasing cognition at exploration. Growth in proved reserves depends on resource base. The exploration degree in the Depression is relatively high, but remaining resource potential is great. Analysis shows that subtle reservoir such as lithologic reservoir, stratigraphic reservoir and buried-hill reservoir dominates the proved resource composition. The Depression has entered into the period of subtle reservoir exploration. Pre-Paleogene and deep layer of Paleogene with burial depth exceeding 3500m, and the southern ramp in Dongying sag, northern steep slope in Chezhen sag, Linnan sag in Huimin Depression with large resources potentials but low exploration degree will be important strata and regions to make new break and achieve sustained reserve growth

After multi-stage transformation of tectonic movement, the superimposed basins in southern North China have been explored for many years, but no major progress has been made. In view of this, the main causes are discussed through the review and retrospection of the exploration history of the two major sags-Jiyuan and Tanzhuang-Shenqiu, and the careful analysis of the conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation. It is considered that the primary causes are the lack of understanding of the complex structures generated from multi-stage structure and block activities and the complex geological factors of the Upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic hydrocarbon source beds including multi-stage hydrocarbon generation and multi-stage migration and accumulation, preservation, while the secondary causes are that the new techniques and methods have not been widely used. It reveals that new geological theories and evaluating methods are required to be applied to the exploration of superimposed basins, so as to recognize the complicated geological factors and to be successful through meticulous planning and strict construction.

Strata pressure prediction is significant for oil and gas resources evaluating, petroleum system modeling, reservoir protecting, ensuring drilling safety, improving drilling efficiency and so on. Based on the seismic-well logging method, especially on seismic attributes, this paper accomplishes "Strata Pressure Integrative Evaluation System" by means of the work flow of seismic attribute extracting, refining and demarcating, etc. and mathematical methods of linearity, BP and Kriging interpolation, realizing three-dimensional quantitative calculation of strata overpressure. Its preparatory application at certain area in Huabei Oilfield shows better suitability and practicability.

With the development of international oil exploration of SINOPC abroad, some technological specifications relevant to oil and gas exploration need to be in line with international standards. Among of this, it gets more urgent and necessary to establish reserves specifications. In recent years, Chinese companies have required that reserve estimation be implemented for all foreign-related oil fields as per SPE. Therefore, understanding and extending SPE reserves specifications is an important task in oil and gas explorations nowadays. Through analysis and research on documents related to SPE, this paper gives a detailed description to the concept relevant to oil reserves, classifications and applications, illustrates the applied conditions for SPE reserves classifications with some examples, and clarifies the reserves classifications and principles for different reservoirs based on SPE specifications

The igneous rock has developed in shallow layer and near-surface layer in Fushan sag of Hainan, and the geological condition is very complex in sea and land areas, these factors lead to multiple waves and refraction waves, it gets difficult to image the seismic data, and the seismic data are characterized by low resolution, low signal-to-noise ratio and poor quality. In order to solve these seismic acquisition problems, this paper firstly analyses the shortages of old acquisition methods to find out the relationships between the igneous rock and seismic data quality. Then according to the features of the target layers, the special geological and geographical conditions in this area, this paper selects the optimization method and demonstrates different acquisition parameters. Finally it ascertains the ideal observation system featuring in big offset, high fold and small binning. In order to guarantee the shot energy, to avoid the multiple waves and to get high quality seismic data, the shot is under the near-surface weathering layer and the igneous rock layer with different folds in different areas.

The amplitude attributes and Pre-stack attributes have been applied in Chepaizi Area of Junggar Basin to predict reservoir with good results except that several wells were failed. It is regarded that the failure was partly due to multiplicity assessment of seismic attributes. There are many factors that lead to multiplicity assessment, such as geological causes, acquiring and transmission of seismic data, processing of seismic data, and subjective experience, etc. It proves to be effective to improve accuracy of reservoir prediction by analyzing these factors thoroughly and adopting reasonable countermeasures

Exploration and development of oil and gas resources in deep sea area is an important foremost position of petroleum industry. Deep water operation is more risky as compared with exploration and drilling operation in continental shelf and onshore. Exploration and development in deep and ultra-deep water area must depend on advanced technologies and strong economic strength. This paper analyzes the technical aspect of exploration and development in deep sea area worldwide and the difficulties in drilling and exploration as well as development, building of oil platform, prediction and avoidance of natural disaster, points out many challenges including peculiar marine environment, complex oil and gas reservoir storage, efficient and secure technical support and equipment support as well as logistical service with facing deep sea drilling in the future, makes a comparative analysis of international and domestic technology gap in this field, briefly introduces the problems in China's offshore oil and gas exploration and development, and proposes some suggestions to improve China's capability in deep sea exploration

This paper discusses that the Research Institute of Exploration and Development of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company has increased exploration and development benefits greatly, based on implementing the integrated exploration and management mode in an all-round way and giving full play to professional complementation, in accordance with the ideal of extending backward in exploration, following up with reservoir assessment, building up production abruptly in development. Through the integration of well placement, performance support, geological research, and information sharing, scale productivity construction is accelerated, and the work efficiency is improved, which meets the requirements of rapid oilfield development.

In view of the increasing intensification and limited investment status of field acquisition methods of seismic exploration, this paper expounds that it is urgent and necessary to integrate technology with economy during the implementation of seismic exploration projects, as well as the function mode and work flow of techno-economic integration. It in details discusses the significance of technoeconomic integration to contractors, considering that the technological feasibility should be based on investment available, not laying too much emphasis on technologies. Thereby price contradictions in project implementation could be reduced