Based on the review of petroleum exploration in the south margin of Junggar Basin in the past half century, the difficulties of piedmont exploration in different phases are summarized as follows: complex structures; large variability in reservoir quality and difficulty in predicating its scale; inaccurate image of seismic data's migration processing in complete trough structural belts; requirement for high technology of drilling, etc. Moreover, a series of solution to these difficulties are brought forward: applying the theory of fold related to fault to interpret complex structural belts in piedmont; analyzing the features of the surface and underground seismic reservoir prediction and porosity model construction to predicate effectively the texture and quality of sandbodies ; using structural model to direct the construction of velocity model and process prestack migration imaging of seismic data; utilizing interval velocity to forecast reservoir pressure; improving the drilling technology for pressure detection and prompt protection of vertical well against incline well

Jilin Oilfield has launched the technical brainstorms of the mechanism analysis and well logging interpretation for the lowresisivity reservoir formation since late 1990s. Through practical exploration, low-resistivity oil and gas reservoirs are found to be relatively abundant in the southern Songliao Basin. According to the statistics of 29 oil-gas fields, there are 170 million tons of proven oil reserves with low-resistivity property, taking up about 20 percent of the total reserves of Jilin Oilfield at present. The research on physical cause of rocks formation and the distribution law of low- amplitude and low-resistivity reservoirs are introduced. It is concluded that under the conditions of oil-generating depression and regional structure background, low-resistivity reservoirs can be discovered in the drape traps over the main reservoirs of old oilfields, the structure traps of low-amplitude under main reservoirs, the low- amplitude traps over the path of oil and gas migration, the regions of local highly mineralized formation water. Moreover, the analysis on the exploration potential of low-resistivity reservoir in the south of Songliao Basin is carried out. It is pointed out that Honggang terrace, Fuxin uplift and its Huazijing terrace are still favorable for low-resistivity reservoir exploration.

Based on the controlling factors of reservoir formation, the concept of "multi-factors controlling and key-factors reservoiring" is brought forward to summarize the formation and distribution characteristics of lithologic reservoirs in continental faulted-depression basins so as to direct lithologic reservoir exploration. Influenced by various geologic conditions, macro (multiple) controlling factors of lithologic reservoir's migration and accumulation in continental faulted-depression basins mainly include: the types of basin, structural belt, depositional system tract, reservoir types, source rock quality and basin temperature-pressure system, etc., which present remarkable differential properties in different basins. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and conditions of lithologic reservoir's formation, it is concluded that whether the lithologic trap can form reservoir or not is mainly influenced by the four major factors as follows: migration pathway, dynamic force of fluid, critical physical properties of reservoirs and sealing conditions of sandbody, which are more concentrated for certain sag or structural belt.

Based on the study of physical property sealing parameters such as displacement pressure, porosity, permeability,surface ratio, diffusion coefficient, etc.of Upper Paleozoic mudstones in Shenmu region, Ordos Basin, it can be concluded that physical property sealing ability is a key parameter that affects the upward diffusion and migration of natural gas. On the basis of the analysis on these physical property sealing parameters and diagenesis, etc., evaluation criterion is established for the physical property sealing ability of mudstones in this region.The plane evaluation shows the physical property sealing ability of He-8, He-7 layers in upper Shihezi Formation, and He-4, He-1 layers in lower Shihezi Formation are relatively strong, and the map is formed by choosing the representative displacement pressure parameter. In addition, combining the other factors, three type areas are predicted to be favorable for the reservoir-forming of Shiqianfeng Formation. Type I distributes at the east of Yulin area, while type II and type III distribute at the south of Hengshan County and at the north of Shenmu County respectively.

Beier sag is an extensional sag in Early Cretaceous that is early extension and later inversion in Hailaer Basin. Thorough analysis on the formation and evolution of Beier sag is conducted based on the application of seismic and drilling data. It is revealed that inversion structures that developed in the end of Early Cretaceous enriches the extensional structures style and provides structural trap favorable for oil and gas accumulation. The key factors that determine the petroliferous properties of inversion structures of Beier sag are the configuration of time for oil and gas generation, migration and inversion and the controlling function of inversion intensity to oil and gas accumulation.

Laizhouwan sag is one of the typical rift lacustrine basins in the Bohai Gulf Basin. Due to tectonic movement, palaeotopography and palaeoclimate, the sequence stratigraphy models of Laizhouwan sag are composed of lowstand, transgressive, highstand and fluvial system tracts. Tectonic movement is the direct cause of episodic hydrocarbon accumulation of Laizhouwan sag and the neotectonic movement or late-stage tectonization determines whether the hydrocarbon reservoirs formed at early stage can preserve well or not in the sag. The partial crude oil of reservoirs that formed by being migrated and accumulated at early Paleogene is biodegraded due to the top sedimentary cover of Dongying Formation, which is the upthrow side of the main faults in strike-slip structural belt, Laizhouwan sag, is exposed to denudation caused by the tectonic uplift of Jiyang Depression in Late Paleogene. As a result, the oil and gas were poured in Neogene is preserved and formed reservoirs. Therefore, it is predicted that the downthrow side of main fault in the strike-slip structural belt and the central uplift zone are most favourable for oil and gas accumulation.

In consideration of the low signal to noise ratio of seismic data in the exploration of Mesozoic & Paleozoic region, Lower Yangzi area, brainstorm tests are launched for seismic exploration of Mesozoic & Paleozoic region on the basis of box-wave technique. In the process, the features of interference wave in this area are analyzed first. Then the box-wave technique is applied in the quantitative analysis and noise identification of signal to noise ratio from the perspectives of Chebyshev weighted array and time-frequency spectrum analysis with an aim to optimize geophone arrays to suppress noise and get suitable scheme for field acquisition. Based on comparative analysis on the old and new data, box-wave technique is proved to be effective to suppress backscattered seismic noise

The visualization of 3D seismic data is a technique of full 3D seismic data interpretation. The 3D data can be analyzed directly by using this technique. What's more, direct evaluation on the seismic reflection of underground interface in 3D space can be achieved based on the adjustment of the transparency of seismic data volume. The practical procedure is presented as follows: firstly, inputting 3D seismic data with certain amplitude, coherent data, wave impedance data, and then calibrating the objective layers of sandbodies, determining the seed point along the objective layers and tracing automatically, describing the distribution shape of sandbodies. On the basis of the above structural interpretation, the depth variation of sanbodies has been obtained through the top and the bottom describing, and it can be revealed the space distribution law of clastic-fluvial sandbodies and dissolve hole reservoirs of carbonates

In view of the complex lithology of volcanic rocks, the identification and evaluation on gas and water layers in deep zone in northern Songliao Basin, Daqing Oilfield Co. Ltd. enlarges the development and application of compound log data and develops new method for the identification and evaluation on gas and water layers of deep zone through the establishment of evaluation chart for the quick judgment on physical properties of reservoirs, the parameter evaluation of reservoir and the establishment of evaluation on gas and water zone layers , which has obtained remarkable achievements in practical application. Accurate evaluation is timely provided for the high-production gas wells, such as Xushen-1 well, Weishen-5 well, Xushen-6 well and Xushen-601 well, etc. It is favorable for Daqing Oilfield to make new breakthrough in deep gas exploration and meets the demand of complex geological exploration.

Qijia-Gulong sag is the main source area of oil and gas in Songliao Basin. A part of oil and gas from the source is held up in the sag, while the other migrates to the clinoform zone in the west. In order to calculate the oil and gas reserves on the west of centerline of Qijia-Gulong sag, the number, size and total reserves of oil-gas fields are calculated by using the rank order system of oil field scale. The result shows that there is a good linear relationship between the size of oil-gas fields and their reserves on the log-log coordinate. There is little calculating error. What's more, it is revealed that there are still 93 million tons undiscovered reserves of oil and gas, still 32 oil and gas fields to be discovered. According to the features analysis of structure, trap, reservoirs and the formation and migration of oil and gas, the number and reserves of oil-gas fields distributed mainly in the west of Qijia-Gulong sag.

MDT logging technology is a kind of sampling pressure-measuring technology for underground liquid. It is a new logging technology following electric logging, radioactivity logging, wave field logging, nuclear magnetic and imaging logging, which is effective in direct identification of underground oil/gas distribution. Correlation profile of pressure and depth relation is established on the basis of timely pressure-measurement. Moreover, correlated dissection of pressure and depth is underway based on the application of the divergence of interstitial fluid density of underground rock for the identification of oil and gas formation. Suction tests are conducted to analyze the suction samples of underground liquid and identify the seepage characteristics of vertical and horizontal infiltrating fluid in underground reservoir. They are also applied to identify the properties of underground reservoir and predict its potential. In addition, analysis of normal fluid property and high-pressure physical property of formation fluid is carried out on the basis of the acquisition of its normal and PVT samples. To sum up the above four geologic application results, research on multiwell reservoir, judgment on oillayer distribution and reservoir pressure system are conducted on the basis of the field application of well drilling and well logging, which provides broad prospect for exploration.

Changbei project is a joint venture project for natural gas development between PetroChina and Shell. Based on the theory of accident prevention, Shell develops the concept of Zero Accident and establishes HSE management system, including: leadership and commitment; policy and strategic objectives;organization, responsibilities, resources and standards; hazard and effect management; planning and procedure; implementation and monitoring; audit; management review.What's more, Shell develops lots of procedures for employees to follow based on the HSEMS and provides them with all kinds of training to makeHSE part of corporate culture. On the basis of pursuing the goal of personal injury, giving publicity to the HSE performance, and managing HSE affairs as any other key business activities, Shell performs well in HSE management and earns the confidence from customers, shareholders and the whole society, which makes it become a good partner and contribute a lot to sustainable development. From the HSE practices of Changbei Project, we understand that along with the public involvement, the HSEMS shall be improved continuously. The core of HSE management is to make HSE a substantial part of corporate culture, show respect to people and change the attitude from passive management to proactive management

The South Asia-Pacific region mainly includes Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Thailand, Australia, and Papua New Guinea. It lies at the intersection of the Eurasian-Asian plate, Indian-Australian plate and Pacific plate. It underwent complicated tectonic evolution during Meso-Cenozoic periods, which resulted in the formation of a variety of sedimentary basins. According to their tectonic locations, all the sedimentary basins are classified into three main types: active continental margin basins, including back-arc basins, forearc basins and interarc basins; intracratonic basins, including faulted-depression basins and depressed basins; passive continental margin basins. Based on the analysis of geological conditions for these basins and discoveries, back-arc basins, rift basins of interior continent and passive continental margin basins are considered to be the most prospective ones.