Abstract: Based on the review of petroleum exploration in the south margin of Junggar Basin in the past half century, the difficulties of piedmont exploration in different phases are summarized as follows: complex structures; large variability in reservoir quality and difficulty in predicating its scale; inaccurate image of seismic data's migration processing in complete trough structural belts; requirement for high technology of drilling, etc. Moreover, a series of solution to these difficulties are brought forward: applying the theory of fold related to fault to interpret complex structural belts in piedmont; analyzing the features of the surface and underground seismic reservoir prediction and porosity model construction to predicate effectively the texture and quality of sandbodies ; using structural model to direct the construction of velocity model and process prestack migration imaging of seismic data; utilizing interval velocity to forecast reservoir pressure; improving the drilling technology for pressure detection and prompt protection of vertical well against incline well

Key words: exploration history, exploration difficulties, exploration solution, piedmont tectonic belt, Junggar Basin