塔里木河融冰期宽方位三维地震采集方案动态优化设计与精细化施工——以YML2井南三维项目为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2017.02.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在塔里木盆地塔克拉玛干沙漠中的塔里木河区域，地震野外采集作业最佳时间是当年12月至翌年1-2月的冰冻期。在2014年YML2井南宽方位三维地震勘探中，2月份融冰期提前到来，融冰期前后的塔里木河宽度、边界及潜水面高程发生大的变化。融冰期内，气候条件复杂多变，塔里木河频繁出现水进或水退，融冰和结冰时常转换，检波点和炮点被水淹的区域和数目变化很大，前期过塔里木河设计的采集方案在施工中不能正常实施，需要不断更新或调整。针对融冰期前后不断变化的水文地质条件对地震野外采集造成的诸多不良影响，采用高精度遥感信息技术，实时跟踪和掌控水文地质条件变化，探索和应用初始动态设计和滚动优化设计观测系统的思路和方法，及时偏移、恢复或增加塔里木河障碍区检波点和炮点，周密组织进行精细化地震野外作业，使实际施工参数尽力达到冰冻期的正常设计水平。应用结果表明，获得了高信噪比、高分辨率的宽方位三维地震资料，效果良好。

关键词: 塔里木河障碍区, 宽方位三维, 地震采集, 融冰期, 初始动态设计, 滚动优化设计

Abstract: In the Tarim River area within the Taklimakan desert, the Tarim Basin, the ideal time for feld seismic survey is the frost period dating from December to next January or February. When the wide azimuth 3D seismic survey was conducted within the Well YML2 South 3D area in 2014, the break-up period during February arrived in advance. The width, boundary and phreatic surface elevation of the Tarim River varied dramatically. During the break-up period, as the climate changed greatly, the Tarim River transgressed and regressed frequently, while breaking-up and freezing usually alternated, leading to the varying coverage and number of shot point and receiver point flooded. As a result, the seismic survey across the Tarim River could not be carried out as it was previously designed. With consideration to the fact that the changing hydrogeologic conditions during the break-up period have adverse impacts on the seismic survey, the operation scheme was updated or adjusted. The high precision remote sensing information technology was applied to trace and understand the variation of hydrogeologic conditions in real-time manner. According to the thought and method of initial dynamic design and rolling optimal design for observation system, the shot points and receiver points in the Tarim River hazard were timely migrated, resumed or increased, and fne seismic operation was organized orderly, in order to ensure the normal parameters during the frost period. The application results show that high-resolution wide azimuth 3D data with high S/N ratio were acquired.

Key words: Tarim River hazard, wide azimuth 3D, seismic survey, break-up period, initial dynamic design, rolling optimal design

中图分类号:

P631.4

梁顺军, 袁光银, 张明柱, 程绪太, 杨晗, 王铎翰, 高怀军, 张亚荣, 黄晓兵, 祝建军. 塔里木河融冰期宽方位三维地震采集方案动态优化设计与精细化施工——以YML2井南三维项目为例[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2017, 22(2): 99-109.

Liang Shunjun, Yuan Guangyin, Zhang Mingzhu, Cheng Xutai, Yang Han, Wang Duohan, Gao Huaijun, Zhang Yarong, Huang Xiaobing, Zhu Jianjun. Dynamic optimal design and fne operation of wide azimuth 3D seismic survey during the break-up period of Tarim River: a case study on the Well YML2 South 3D area[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2017, 22(2): 99-109.

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