中国陆相页岩油类型、勘探开发现状与发展趋势

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2023.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过对国内外页岩油分类现状的综合分析和中美页岩油勘探开发历程、储产量现状、水平井产量特征的对比，分析了中美页岩油地质条件、资源质量、可开采性、经济性及规模性差异，提出用“地名+页岩油”或“地名+地层单位+页岩油”定义我国陆相页岩油区带，在此基础上，进一步按两个层次划分，首先根据砂地比（源储比）或沉积相带划分为致密油型页岩油、过渡型页岩油、纯正型页岩油，然后针对纯正型页岩油，根据热成熟度或油品性质，划分中高熟、中低熟类型，或者轻质油区、稀油区、重油区、稠油区等。针对中高熟陆相页岩油，在2025年以前，应集中攻关中高熟高压区页岩油富集区/段评价，做好试采工作，攻关最佳开采技术，最大限度降低成本，提高单井初始产量和累计采出量，预计全国页岩油年产量达到(600～1000)×10⁴t；2025—2035年，进一步升级和优化技术，降低成本，全国页岩油年产量力争达到(1200～1500)×10⁴t，成为我国原油年产2×10⁸t的重要补充。针对中低熟页岩油，现阶段做好鄂尔多斯盆地长7₃亚段部署页岩油原位转化先导试验，力争2030年前后实现关键装备与核心技术国产化，进入规模商业开发阶段，年产原油能达到千万吨级规模。

关键词: 陆相页岩油, 中高熟页岩油, 中低熟页岩油, 原位转化, 发展趋势

Abstract: By comprehensively analyzing the current classification scheme of shale oil at home and abroad, and comparing the exploration and development history, shale oil reserves and output status, and production performance of horizontal wells in China and the United States, the differences in geological conditions, resource quality, recoverability, economy and scale of shale oil between the two countries are analyzed. It is proposed to define the continental shale oil zones in China by using the nomenclature of “geographical location + shale oil” or “geographical location + stratigraphic unit + shale oil”. Furthermore, the shale oil types are classified according to two levels: Firstly, the shale oil is divided into three types based on the sandstone-to-formation ratio (the ratio of source rock to reservoir) or sedimentary facies zones, namely tight oil type shale oil, transitional type shale oil, and pure shale oil; Then the pure shale oil is further subdivided into medium-high mature shale oil and medium-low mature shale oil, or in another way, it is subdivided into light oil, thin oil, heavy oil, and viscous oil zones based on the maturity or oil properties. For the medium-high mature continental shale oil targets, efforts should be focused on the evaluation of enrichment zones/intervals in high-pressure zones, as well as trial production, and research on optimal production technology before 2025, so as to reduce costs to the maximum extent and improve initial single-well production and cumulative output. It is estimated that the annual shale oil output in China will be 600×104t to 1000×10⁴t. During the 2025-2035, technology will be further upgraded and optimized to reduce costs, and the annual shale oil output is expected to be 1200×10⁴t to 1500×10⁴t, growing to be a major supplement to crude oil production with an annual capacity of 2×10⁸t/a. As for medium-low mature shale oil, pilot test on the in-situ conversion of shale oil in Chang 7₃ sub-member in Ordos Basin is focused at present; At around 2030, the critical equipment and core technologies will be localized hopefully, and the large-scale and commercial development of shale oil will be achieved, with an annual shale oil output of ten millions of tons.

中图分类号:

TE16

赵文智, 朱如凯, 张婧雅, 杨静儒. 中国陆相页岩油类型、勘探开发现状与发展趋势[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2023, 28(4): 1-13.

Zhao Wenzhi, Zhu Rukai, Zhang Jingya, Yang Jingru. Classification, exploration and development status and development trend of continental shale oil in China[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2023, 28(4): 1-13.

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