深地、深海油气藏储量评估中针对不确定性的可靠技术选择与应用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2024.04.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对于新领域和复杂类型油气藏，储量评估关键参数的确定意义重大，也是勘探开发的难点和重点，建立可靠技术开展储量评估是目前国际主流做法，但国内强调勘探开发主体技术却少有关于储量评估可靠技术的研究。近年来国内石油公司不断在近万米深层和水深超过500m 海域取得重大油气突破，在勘探评价阶段发现的超深层大型碳酸盐岩缝洞型油气藏和深海油气藏储量评估面临资料有限、投资约束和井控程度低等问题，如何选择或建立可靠技术开展储量评估已成为该领域的研究重点。从可靠技术的定义和适用性出发，重点针对深海和深地油气藏勘探投资大、不能大面积部署探井，以及深地和深海油气藏储量评估过程中的复杂性、特殊性及不确定性，开展可靠技术在储量评估关键参数选取中的适用条件和应用范围研究，通过典型案例解剖认为, 深海油气藏地震振幅随偏移距变化（AVO）、直接烃指标（DHI）和压力系统法等可靠技术可识别油气藏的油水界面，4 个区块验证成功率高达92%，应用该技术降低了勘探评价阶段的投资及开发风险。深地缝洞型碳酸盐岩油气藏利用地震敏感属性分析技术确定含油气边界和含油气面积，该技术通过钻井放空漏失、测井解释结果和生产动态等证实储层预测的可靠性较高，地震储层预测与实钻吻合率达84%，从而使储量评估结果更加接近油藏实际，确保了少井情况下储量评估结果的合理性，同时也推动了可靠技术在储量评估领域的应用。

关键词: 可靠技术, 深海油气藏, 深地缝洞型碳酸盐岩油气藏, 储量评估

Abstract: For oil and gas reservoirs with complex types and in new fields, the determination of the key parameters for reserve evaluation has a great significance and is also the difficulty and focus of exploration and development. At present, the mainstream practice in the world is to establish reliable technologies for conducting reserve evaluation. In China, the main exploration and development technologies are focused, but there is little research on reliable technology for reserve evaluation. In recent years, domestic companies have successively made major oil and gas breakthroughs in deep formations with a depth of nearly 10000 m and deep-sea area with a water depth of more than 500 m. The reserve evaluation of ultra-deep large-scale carbonate fractured-cavity type oil and gas reservoirs and deep-sea oil and gas reservoirs discovered in the exploration and evaluation stages faces problems such as limited data, investment constraint and low degree of well control. As a result, how to select or establish reliable technology to conduct reserve evaluation has become the research focus in this field. By starting from the definition and applicability of reliable technology, and focusing on challenges such as great exploration investment, inability to deploy exploration wells in a large area, and the complexity, particularity and uncertainty in the process of reserve evaluation for deep fractured-cavity type oil and gas reservoirs and deep-sea oil and gas reservoirs, research on the applicable conditions and scope of reliable technology in selecting key reserve evaluation parameters has been conducted. The typical case study shows that reliable technology such as amplitude-offset (AVO),direct hydrocarbon indicator (DHI) and pressure system method enables to identify oil-water contact of deep-sea oil and gas reservoirs, with a success rate of 92% in four blocks, which supports to reduce the investment of exploration and evaluation and the risk of development. For the deep fractured-cavity type carbonate oil and gas reservoir, seismic sensitive attributes analysis technology has been applied to determine oil and gas bearing boundary and area, which has high reliability in reservoir prediction confirmed by venting and lost circulation during drilling,logging interpretation results and production performance, with the coincidence rate of 84% between seismic reservoir prediction and actual drilling results, resulting in closer reserve evaluation results to the actual oil and gas reservoirs, ensuring the rationality of reserve evaluation results in the case of few wells, and promoting the application of reliable technology in the field of reserve evaluation.

中图分类号:

TE15

何晨毓, 肖玉茹, 黄学斌, 刘丽琼. 深地、深海油气藏储量评估中针对不确定性的可靠技术选择与应用[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2024, 29(4): 170-178.

He Chenyu, Xiao Yuru, HuangXuebin, Liu Liqiong. Selection and application of reliable technology for uncertainty in reserve evaluation of oil and gas reservoirs in deep formation and deep-sea area[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2024, 29(4): 170-178.

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