长庆致密油超短水平井压裂技术探索与实践

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.03.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 长庆油田致密油建产时间长、规模大，目前仍是油田产建的重点对象，新建产能占比36.6%。针对致密油地质特征，以实现井网井距与缝网最佳适配为目标，综合应用地质工程一体化研究手段，通过数值模拟、大数据分析、矿场实践等方法开展压裂优化设计，形成短水平井连续油管精准分段压裂技术，集成配套“压裂时机优化、裂缝差异设计、裂缝精准控制、强化渗吸驱油、多级缝内暂堵、定方位射孔”等关键技术。技术模式已经在长庆油田致密油藏开展200余口井，实现了水平井缝控程度与产油量大幅提升，微地震监测结果证明，缝控程度由60%提升至85%以上，百米水平段长初期产量由2.0t/d提升至3.4t/d，单井产量保持稳定，达产年单井产量3.2t/d，整体效果较好。研究成果形成的压裂关键技术，有效支撑了鄂尔多斯致密油高效开发，为其下一步攻关提供了方向，取得认识可为国内其他类似油田规模效益开发提供参考和借鉴。

关键词: 鄂尔多斯盆地, 致密油, 压裂技术, 地质工程一体化, 注水开发

Abstract: Changqing Oilfield’s tight oil production construction has a long history and a large scale, and it remains a key focus in oilfield production and construction, with new production capacity accounting for 36.6%. Targeting the geological characteristics of tight oil, with the goal of achieving the best adaptation between well patterns and fracture networks, an integrated geological engineering research approach is employed. Through methods such as numerical simulation, big data analysis, and field practice, fracturing optimization design is carried out, resulting in the formation of precise segmented fracturing technology for short horizontal wells with coiled tubing. The integrated technology package includes key technologies such as “optimization of fracturing timing, differential fracture design, precise fracture control, enhanced imbibition oil displacement, multi-stage temporary plugging within fractures, and directional perforation.” This technical model has been implemented in over 200 wells in the Changqing Oilfield’s tight oil reservoirs, significantly improving the degree of horizontal well fracture control and oil production. Microseismic monitoring results show that the degree of fracture control has increased from 60% to over 85%, and the initial production of a 100-meter horizontal section has increased from 1.5 t/d to 3.2 t/d. Single well production remains stable, reaching an annual production rate of 3.0 t/d, with overall good results. The fracturing key technologies developed from this research effectively support the efficient development of tight oil in the Ordos Basin and provide direction for the next phase of technical breakthroughs. The insights gained offer references and lessons for the large-scale and efficient development of similar oilfields in China.

Key words: Ordos Basin, Tight Oil Reservoir, Fracturing technology, Geoengineering integration, Waterflood development

中图分类号:

徐荣利, 卜向前, 陈文斌, 张彦军, 王广涛, 李昌恒, 贾煦亮, 武安安, 山树民. 长庆致密油超短水平井压裂技术探索与实践[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(3): 150-160.

Xu Rongli, Bu Xiangqian, Chen Wenbin, Zhang Yanjun, Wang Guangtao, Li Changheng, Jia Xuliang, Wu Anan, Shan Shumin. Exploration and Practice of Ultra-Short Horizontal Well Fracturing Technology in Changqing Tight Oil Reservoirs[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(3): 150-160.

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