四川盆地东北部铁北1侧HF井二叠系超深层页岩气勘探突破及启示

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 四川盆地（东北部）二叠系海相页岩分布广泛，铁北1 侧HF井首次在川东北地区5000m以深的二叠系获得日产气超30×10⁴m³的高产工业气流，实现了超深层页岩气领域勘探的重大突破。基于铁北1侧HF井的最新勘探成果，分析了研究区二叠系大隆组的区域沉积特征，开展了大隆组页岩气地质特征分析，探讨了超深层页岩气富集高产主控因素，明确了川东北地区大隆组下一步的油气勘探方向。综合研究评价认为，川东北地区二叠系大隆组超深层页岩具有“一多三高一中”典型地质特征，主要表现为发育多种页岩岩相类型，具有高TOC、高含气量、高脆性及中孔隙度的特点；大隆组超深层页岩储集空间以纳米级有机质孔和微裂缝为主，“有机质孔+微裂缝”耦合交互分布大幅提升了超深层页岩气的储集性及可压性；揭示了超深层页岩气富集高产的主控因素：连片富碳的岩相发育是基础、有机质孔—裂缝耦合控储是关键、较好的保存条件（超高压封存）是富气的外在表征；采用盐下高陡地震成像技术，以及“175MPa装备提净压、多粒径分级强支撑、高黏高排穿层”的储层改造方式技术，实现了超深层页岩甜点储层100%钻遇率和大规模有效改造。该突破标志着我国页岩气的勘探已经迈入了超深层领域，进一步证实了四川盆地超深层页岩气资源丰富，将成为我国天然气勘探开发的重要接替领域。

关键词: 四川盆地, 川东北, 大隆组, 超深层页岩气, 富集高产, 控制因素, 工程技术, 重要意义

Abstract: The Permian marine shale is widely distributed in (northeastern) Sichuan Basin, and the high-yield gas flow has been obtained in Well Tiebei 1 L-HF, with a daily gas rate exceeding 30×10⁴ m³ at a depth of greater than 5000 m in the northeastern basin, marking a major breakthrough in the exploration field of the ultra-deep shale gas. Based on the latest exploration results of Well Tiebei 1 L-HF, the regional sedimentary characteristics of the Permian Dalong Formation in the study area has been analyzed, and the geological characteristics of Dalong Formation shale gas has been studied. In addition, main controlling factors for shale gas enrichment and high-yield production in ultra-deep formation has been discussed, clarifying the further exploration orientation of Dalong Formation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin. The comprehensive study and evaluation show that the ultra-deep shale in the Permian Dalong Formation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin has the typical geological characteristics of “one multiplicity, three highs and one medium”, namely the development of multiple shale facies types,high TOC, high gas content, high brittleness and medium porosity. The reservoir space of Dalong Formation ultra-deep shale is dominated by nanoscale organic pores and microfractures, and the coupling distribution of “organic pores + microfractures” significantly enhances physical properties and fracability of ultra-deep shale gas reservoir. The main controlling factors for the enrichment and high-yield production of ultradeep shale gas have been identified, that is, the development of contiguous carbon-rich lithofacies is the foundation, the coupling control of organic pores and microfractures over reservoir is the key, and favorable preservation conditions (ultra-high pressure sealing) are the external manifestation of gas enrichment. By adopting seismic imaging technology for the sub-salt steep structures and reservoir stimulation method of “175 MPa equipment for enhanced net pressure, multi-size grading strong proppants, and high-viscosity/high pumping rate for transverse fracture penetration”, it has achieved an 100% drilling rate of sweet spots and large-scale effective reconstruction of ultra-deep shale gas reservoir. This breakthrough marks that the shale gas exploration in China has stepped into the field of ultra-deep formation. It further confirms that there are abundant shale gas resources in ultra-deep formations in Sichuan Basin, which is an important replacement field for natural gas exploration and development in China.

Key words: Sichuan Basin, Northeastern Sichuan Basin, Dalong Formation, ultra-deep shale gas, enrichment and high-yield production;controlling factor, engineering technology, significance

中图分类号:

TE122

段金宝, 徐田武, 彭君, 王学军, 袁波, 周凯, 黄蕾, 曾传富. 四川盆地东北部铁北1侧HF井二叠系超深层页岩气勘探突破及启示[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(4): 43-57.

Duan Jinbao, Xu Tianwu, Peng Jun, Wang Xuejun, Yuan Bo, Zhou Kai, Huang Lei, Zeng Chuanfu. Exploration breakthroughs and implications of the Permian ultra-deep shale gas in Well Tiebei 1 L-HF, northeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(4): 43-57.

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