微生物地球化学勘探技术及其在南海深水勘探中的应用前景

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 海洋油气勘探是一项高投入、高风险的活动，对海域下伏勘探目的层进行有效的含油气性检测，并与地球物理等常规勘探技术相结合，能够显著提高海域特别是深水油气勘探的成功率，降低油气勘探的风险及成本。微生物地球化学勘探技术基于轻烃微渗漏原理，通过直接检测油气藏微渗漏的轻烃及烃氧化微生物，从而判断油气藏的存在。该技术是一种直接的烃类检测技术，由于轻烃微渗漏的普遍存在，所以该技术在海域中应用适用范围较广。微生物地球化学勘探技术近年来应用于中国南海北部的琼东南盆地、珠江口盆地等深水圈闭含油气性评价中，均取得了较好的效果，与钻探成果认识相符，证明该技术在南海油气勘探中的适用性。微生物地球化学勘探技术在南海中南部的低勘探程度区、高成本风险区，是一项值得推广的、灵敏快捷有效的烃检测技术，其大规模应用有望加速南海深水勘探的进程。

关键词: 油气勘探；烃类检测；微生物地球化学勘探技术；南海深水；资源评价

Abstract: Offshore oil and gas exploration is a high-risk activity with high investment. Hydrocarbon detection of underlying exploration targets, along with conventional geophysical exploration technology, can remarkably improves offshore oil and gas exploration success rate, deepwater area in particular, and reduces hydrocarbon exploration risk and cost. Based on the hydrocarbon microseepage principle, microbial geochemical exploration (MGCE) detects existence of hydrocarbon reservoirs directly by means of inspecting hydrocarbon oxidation bacterium and light hydrocarbon gas. MGCE is a direct hydrocarbon-detecting technology, which has a wide application in offshore area. In recent years, MGCE has been used for oil and gas estimation of deepwater traps in Qiongdongnan Basin and Pearl River Mouth Basin of South China Sea, achieving good results. The drilling result confirms that MGCE is suitable for oil and gas exploration in the region. MGCE is a flexible, fast and effective hydrocarbon detecting technology worth to be recommended for the central and southern parts of South China Sea, where the exploration degree is low and the risk is high. Large-scale application of MGCE is hopeful to accelerate deepwater exploration process of South China Sea.

Key words: oil and gas exploration, hydrocarbon detecting, microbial geochemical exploration, deepwater area of South China Sea, resources assessment

郝　纯　孙志鹏　薛健华　张思梦　宋爱学　梅　海　李　涛　曾小宇. 微生物地球化学勘探技术及其在南海深水勘探中的应用前景[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2015, 20(5): 54-62.

Hao Chun, Sun Zhipeng, Xue Jianhua, Zhang Simeng, Song Aixue, Mei Hai, Li Tao, Zeng Xiaoyu. Microbial Geochemical Exploration Technology and Prospect for Its Application in South China Sea Deepwater Exploration[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2015, 20(5): 54-62.

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