长庆致密油超短水平井压裂技术探索与实践

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.03.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 长庆油田致密油建产时间长、规模大，目前仍是油田产建的重点对象，新建产能占比36.6%。针对致密油地质特征，以实现井网井距与缝网最佳适配为目标，综合应用地质工程一体化研究手段，通过数值模拟、大数据分析、矿场实践等方法开展压裂优化设计，形成短水平井连续油管精准分段压裂技术，集成配套“压裂时机优化、裂缝差异设计、裂缝精准控制、强化渗吸驱油、多级缝内暂堵、定方位射孔”等关键技术。技术模式已经在长庆油田致密油藏开展200余口井，实现了水平井缝控程度与产油量大幅提升，微地震监测结果证明，缝控程度由60%提升至85%以上，百米水平段长初期产量由2.0t/d提升至3.4t/d，单井产量保持稳定，达产年单井产量3.2t/d，整体效果较好。研究成果形成的压裂关键技术，有效支撑了鄂尔多斯盆地致密油高效开发，为其下一步攻关提供了方向，取得认可，为国内其他类似油田规模效益开发提供参考和借鉴。

关键词: 鄂尔多斯盆地, 致密油, 压裂技术, 地质工程一体化, 注水开发

Abstract: In Changqing Oilfield, tight oil production has a long history and a large scale, and it remains a key target for production capacity construction at present, accounting for 36.6% of the new production capacity. In response to the geological characteristics of tight oil reservoirs, and targeting at the goal of an optimal adaptation between well pattern and fracture network, the geology and engineering integrated research approach is applied to conduct fracturing optimization design using methods such as numerical simulation, big data analysis, and field test. As a result, the coiled tubing precise multi-stage fracturing technology for short horizontal wells has been developed, as well as key integrated technology of “optimization of fracturing timing, differential fracture design, precise fracture control, enhanced imbibition oil displacement, multi-stage fracture temporary plugging, and directional perforation”. This technical model has been applied in over 200 tight oil wells in Changqing Oilfield, significantly improving the degree of fracture control and oil production in horizontal wells. Microseismic monitoring results show that the degree of fracture control has increased from 60% to over 85%, the initial oil production of a 100-meter horizontal section has increased from 2.0 t/d to 3.4 t/d, and the single well production remains steady, with an oil production rate of 3.2 t/d in the year of reaching production capacity, showing satisfactory results as a whole. The key fracturing technology effectively supports high-efficiency development of tight oil in Ordos Basin and points out direction for further technical breakthroughs. The new insights provide references for large-scale and beneficial development of similar oilfields in China.

Key words: Ordos Basin, tight oil, fracturing technology, geology and engineering integration, waterflood development

中图分类号:

TE357

徐荣利, 卜向前, 陈文斌, 张彦军, 王广涛, 李昌恒, 贾煦亮, 武安安, 山树民. 长庆致密油超短水平井压裂技术探索与实践[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(3): 154-164.

Xu Rongli, Bu Xiangqian, Chen Wenbin, Zhang Yanjun, Wang Guangtao, Li Changheng, Jia Xuliang, Wu Anan, Shan Shumin. Research and practice of ultra-short horizontal well fracturing technology for tight oil reservoirs in Changqing Oilfield[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(3): 154-164.

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