Looking for high-production carbonate reservoirs using logging data: a case of study on Jurassic in Shakan oilfield, Kurdish region, Iraq

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2018.06.011

Abstract

Abstract: In the Shakan oilfield, the productivities of the carbonate reservoirs are very different in different intervals and different wells, making petroleum geologists very confused. It is urgent to solve how to evaluate the reservoirs, and how to identify the high-production reservoirs. Analysis of cores taken from well test intervals, conventional physical properties, casting sections and regional geological data indicates that fractures are developed, and the logging value of uranium is abnormally high in a peak shape in the high-production reservoirs, but the fractures are less developed and the logging value of uranium is low in the low-production reservoirs. According to the geological structures, formation water and reservoir microscopic characteristics, the relationship between uranium and reservoirs has been analyzed, and the result shows that uranium is rich in fractured reservoirs, and the high uranium value is positively correlated to the fracture development. Based on natural gamma ray spectrometry curves and conventional logging data, it is possible to accurately identify high-production fractured reservoirs, and predict favorable reservoirs in the Shakan oilfield. This conclusion has been verified in Wells S -10 and S-12. It is an economical and practical method for looking for high-production fractured reservoirs.

Key words: carbonate rock, fracture, natural gamma ray spectrum, uranium, high-production reservoir

CLC Number:

Wu Guohai, Lin Yaping, Luo Man, Yu Mingfa, Mao Haitao, Sun Liguo. Looking for high-production carbonate reservoirs using logging data: a case of study on Jurassic in Shakan oilfield, Kurdish region, Iraq[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2018, 23(6): 97-106.

References

[1] 吴胜和,蔡正旗,施尚明.油矿地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:223-243. Wu Shenghe, Cai Zhengqi, Shi Shangming. Petroleum mineral geology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2011:223-243.
[2] 能源,李勇,徐丽丽,周鹏,王斌,尚姜伟,等.克拉苏构造带盐下超深层断背斜裂缝带发育模式及预测方法[J].大地构造与成矿学,2017,41(1):61-68. Neng Yuan, Li Yong, Xu Lili, Zhou Peng, Wang Bin, Shang Jiangwei, et al. Patterns of fracture zone in the deep subsalt layer of Kelasu structural belt and prospecting method[J]. Geotectonica et Metalogenia, 2017,41(1):61-68.
[3] 黄苇,马中远,张黎.FMI成像测井在碳酸盐岩裂缝和断层研究中的应用[J].石油地质与工程,2014,28(3):44-48. Huang Wei, Ma Zhongyuan, Zhang Li. Application of FMI imaging logging in carbonate rock fracture and fault research[J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering, 2014,28(3):44-48.
[4] 王萍,艾合买提江.阿不都热合曼,丁一平,陈霞.塔河油田四区缝洞分布特征与油气富集[J].中国石油勘探,2011,16(1):21-24. Wang Ping, Ahmatjan Abdurahman, Ding Yiping, Chen Xia. Fracture/cave distribution and oil & gas accumulation in Block 4, Tahe oilfield[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2011,16(1):21-24.
[5] 刘冉,霍飞,王鑫,杨涛,李熹微,陈柯童.普光气田下三叠统飞仙关组碳酸盐岩储层特征及主控因素分析[J].中国石油勘探,2017, 22(6):34-46. Liu Ran, Huo Fei, Wang Xin, Yang Tao, Li Xiwei, Chen Ketong. Characteristics and main controlling factors of Lower Triassic Feixianguan formation carbonate reservoir in Puguang gas field[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2017,22(6):34-46.
[6] 贾小乐,何登发,童晓光.扎格罗斯前陆盆地大油气田的形成条件与分布规律[J].中国石油勘探,2013,18(5):54-67. Jia Xiaole, He Dengfa, Tong Xiaoguang. Formation and distribution of giant oil and gas fields in Zagros Foreland Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2013,18(5):54-67.
[7] 唐颖,樊太亮,张涛,王喆,郑元超.构造运动对扎格罗斯前陆盆地白垩系碳酸盐岩储层的影响——以Y油田为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(6):944-951. Tang Ying, Fan Tailiang, Zhang Tao, Wang Zhe, Zheng Yuanchao. Influence of tectonic movement on Cretaceous carbonate reservoirs in the Zagros foreland basin:a case study of Y oilfield[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2016,37(6):944-951.
[8] 王剑,赵汝敏,谢楠,李林涛,张翼.扎格罗斯前陆盆地构造样式与油气成藏规律[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2016,36(2):143-151. Wang Jian, Zhao Rumin, Xie Nan, Li Lintao, Zhang Yi. Structural style of Zagros foreland basin and its bearing on oil and gas accumulation[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2016,36(2):143-151.
[9] 赵伦,李建新,李孔绸,范子菲,宋珩,程绪彬.复杂碳酸盐岩储集层裂缝发育特征及形成机制——以哈萨克斯坦让纳若尔油田为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(3):304-309. Zhao Lun, Li Jianxin, Li Kongchou, Fan Zifei, Song Heng, Cheng Xubin. Development and genetic mechanism of complex carbonate reservoir fractures:a case from the Zanarol oilfield, Kazakhstan[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2010,37(3):304-309.
[10] 刘显太,王玉芹,杜玉山,刘旭峰,李秀华,孙志勇,等.背斜构造裂缝性碳酸盐岩油藏裂缝网络发育模式——以胜利油区富台油田车古201潜山为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(6):70-74. Liu Xiantai, Wang Yuqin, Du Yushan, Liu Xufeng, Li Xiuhua, Sun Zhiyong, et al. Fracture network development mode of fractured reservoir in carbonate anticline structure-case of Chegu201 Futai burial hill in shengli oilfield[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2011,18(6):70-74.
[11] 赵军,王淼,祁兴中,傅海成.轮西地区奥陶系地应力方向及裂缝展布规律分析[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(3):95-99. Zhao Jun, Wang Miao, Qi Xingzhong, Fu Haicheng. Ground stress direction and fracture distribution law of Ordovician in Lunxi area[J]. Lithologic Reservoir, 2010,22(3):95-99.
[12] 潘文庆,侯贵廷,齐英敏,张鹏,陈永权,鞠玮.碳酸盐岩构造裂缝发育模式探讨[J].地学前缘,2013,20(5):188-195. Pan Wenqing, Hou Guiting, Qi Yingmin, Zhang Peng, Chen Yongquan, Ju Wei. Discussion on the development models of structural fractures in the carbonate rocks[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2013,20(5):188-195.
[13] 张宝露,张敏,李维锋,袁晓光,李欣雨.滨里海盆地北特鲁瓦油田上石炭统碳酸盐岩沉积相研究与有利储层预测[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(12):34-43. Zhang Baolu, Zhang Min, Li Weifeng, Yuan Xiaoguang, Li Xinyu. The research of sedimentary facies and prediction of favorable reservoir of the Upper Carboniferous carbonates in North Tluwa oilfield, Pre-Caspian Basin[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2015,15(12):34-43.
[14] 沈安江,寿建峰,张宝民,周进高,张惠良,郑兴平,等.中国海相碳酸盐岩储层特征、成因和分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2016:9-24. Shen Anjiang, Shou Jianfeng, Zhang Baomin, Zhou Jingao, Zhang Huiliang, Zheng Xingping, et al. Characteristics, genesis and distribution of marine carbonate reservoirs in China[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2016:9-24.
[15] 胡素云,石书缘,王铜山,刘伟,白斌,徐安娜,等.膏盐环境对碳酸盐岩层系成烃、成储和成藏的影响[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(2):20-26. Hu Suyun, Shi Shuyuan, Wang Tongshan, Liu Wei, Bai Bin, Xu Anna, et al. Effect of gypsum-salt environment on hydrocarbon generation, reservoir-forming and hydrocarbon accumulation in carbonate strata[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016,21(2):20-26.
[16] 马红岩,闫宝义,于培峰,刘立新,邵彦蕊,龚红燕,等.饶阳凹陷蠡县斜坡中部沙一下亚段碳酸盐岩沉积储层及油藏特征[J].中国石油勘探,2013,18(6):25-33. Ma Hongyan, Yan Baoyi, Yu Peifeng, Liu Lixin, Shao Yanrui, Gong Hongyan, et al. Carbonate sedimentray reservoir features of lower submember of first member of Shahejie Formation in central Lixian slope, Raoyang sag[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2013,18(6):25-33.
[17] 李石朋.碳酸盐岩风化机制的淋滤模拟及对铀钍富集的指示[D].衡阳:南华大学,2014. Li Shipeng. Leaching simulation of weathering mechanism of carbonate rocks and indication of enrichment of uranium thorium[D]. Hengyang:University of Nanhua, 2014.
[18] 邢舟,王军,王志强,毛尚明.自然伽马能谱测井在碳酸盐岩储层的地质应用[J].石油天然气学报,2015,27(6):743-745. Xing Zhou, Wang Jun, Wang Zhiqiang, Mao Shangming. Geological application of natural gamma spectrometry logging in carbonate reservoirs[J]. Journal of Petroleum and Natural Gas, 2015,27(6):743-745.
[19] 张晓明.自然伽马能谱测井在玉北地区碳酸盐岩储层评价中的应用[J].国外测井技术,2012(4):35-39. Zhang Xiaoming. Application of natural gamma spectrometry logging in evaluation of carbonate reservoir in yubei area[J].Foreign Logging Technology, 2012(4):35-39.
[20] 刘大永,陈键,彭平安,肖中尧,张宝收,卢玉红,等.轮南地区碳酸盐岩油气藏类型对地层水特征的控制作用[J].石油学报, 2012,33(3):367-371. Liu Dayong, Chen Jian, Peng Ping'an, Xiao Zhongyao, Zhang Baoshou, Lu Yuhong, et al. The control of reservoir types in Lunnan oilfield on characters of formation water[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012,33(3):367-371.
[21] 林晓英,曾溅辉,杨海军,张宝收,曲正阳.塔里木盆地哈得逊油田石炭系地层水化学特征及成因[J].现代地质,2012,26(2):377-383. Lin Xiaoying, Zeng Jianhui, Yang Haijun, Zhang Baoshou, Qu Zhengyang. Geochemical characteristics and origin of formation water from the Carboniferous in Hadson oil field, Tarim Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2012,26(2):377-383.