Abstract: Rich unconventional petroleum resources are developed in the Chang 7 Member of the Mesozoic Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin. At present, there are still disputes on whether it is tight oil or shale oil. According to the current situation at home and abroad, and its geological characteristics, we call it shale oil in this paper, i.e. the Chang 7 Member of Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin shale oil refers to the oil accumulation in tight sandstone and shale in the Chang 7 Member source rocks, which was formed without a long-distance migration. Depending on lithologic association and other factors, the shale oil reservoirs are classified into 3 types as multiphase sand overlay type (type I), shale interbedded with thin sandstone type (type II) and pure shale (type III). According to the comprehensive geological study, Chang 7 shale oil is characterized by the following: sand-mud reservoir with large area distribution, dense reservoir with good fluidity, high oil saturation, light oil, high gas-oil ratio, shallow burial, and large quantity of resources, etc. In recent years, through seismic survey, well logging, research on engineering and development technologies, achievements on exploration and development of shale oil in Chang 7 Member are achieved, such as: defined the scale reservoir area of type I shale oil, and 3 pilot areas for horizontal well development of type I shale oil were constructed; for type II and type III shale oil, production of oil was achieved through vertical well exploration; the scale development of type I shale oil has achieved remarkable results, and shale oil of Chang 7 Member has become an important resource guarantee for the "second acceleration" development of Changqing oilfield.