Characteristics and principal controlling factors of sub-salt oil and gas accumulation in the eastern margin of the Precaspian Basin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2020.04.013

Abstract

Abstract: The Precaspian Basin, which is rich in sub-salt petroleum resources, is a globally important oil and gas producing area. The controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation in the eastern margin of the basin are complex, where it has been affected by paleo-uplift and by the Uralian orogeny. In this paper, the principal controlling factors of oil and gas accumulation in the eastern margin of the basin are identified according to analysis of hydrocarbon accumulation factors and accumulation models. Hydrocarbon accumulation in the eastern margin of the basin is closely related to the processes of subduction, subtraction, and closure of the Ural ocean. These processes formed paleo-rifts and paleo-uplifts which controlled the formation of oil and gas reservoirs. Paleo-rifts controlled the hydrocarbon generation centers. Faults formed by rifting became the primary pathways for oil and gas migration. Paleo-uplifts controlled the formation of early carbonate platform and the development of high-quality reservoirs, which are also important directional areas for oil and gas accumulation. The Uralian orogeny controlled the formation of later carbonate platform. The Uralian and other Hercynian orogenic belts created the conditions for the evolution of the basin into a restricted marine environment, forming high-quality salt caprocks in the Kungurian stage which are distributed across the whole basin. Faults generated during the collision orogeny formed fault-related traps, improved reservoir performance, and led to secondary hydrocarbon accumulation.

CLC Number:

Liang Shuang, Wu Yadong, Wang Yankun, Wang Zhen, Sheng Shanbo. Characteristics and principal controlling factors of sub-salt oil and gas accumulation in the eastern margin of the Precaspian Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2020, 25(4): 125-132.

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