Abstract: Mosuowan Uplift in Junggar Basin is a typical uplift structural unit in the depression with the superior conditions for hydrocarbon source. It has three sets of main hydrocarbon source series - Carboniferous, Permian and Jurassic. Vertically, there are four sets reservoircap assemblages developed in the structure. The structural and sedimentary evolution and geological structure of Mosuowan Uplift determines the main characteristics of its oil and gas accumulation. It has experienced accumulation and adjustment in the early period and accumulation and re-adjustment in the middle and late period, characterized with "two-stage accumulation and two-stage adjustment." The favorable allocation of sourcing stage, migration stage, accumulation stage and adjustment stage in space makes this region a favorable oil and gas abundance region with multiple intervals.