Fracture propagation simulation and optimal design of ultra-deep and ultra-high pressure tight gas reservoirs in Hutubi area, Junggar Basin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.03.012

Abstract

Abstract: The reservoirs in HT1 well area in Hutubi area are characterized by relatively great burial depth, low porosity, low permeability and tight property. The fracture propagation law is unclear given the conditions of high temperature, high pressure and well-developed natural fractures, which poses challenges for fracturing construction. In order to solve this problem, triaxial compression tests have been conducted on core samples from the target layer under high temperature and high pressure conditions to obtain rock mechanic parameters such as elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio. Based on geology and engineering integrated method, relevant lab test data, core observation, well logging and seismic interpretation data have been used to establish a 3D geomechanical model. Finally, constrained by the geomechanical model, the fracture propagation simulation, well construction parameter optimization design, production history fitting and prediction have been analyzed in vertical wells with natural fractures developed. The study results show that: (1) The average Young’s modulus is 37.5 GPa, and the average Poisson’s ratio is 0.25. The average maximum and minimum horizontal principal stresses are 220 MPa and 180 MPa, which are much higher than those of conventional gas reservoirs (generally less than 100 MPa). (2) By setting the length of 70 m and the interval of 150 m for small-scale natural fractures, the length of hydraulic fractures has been fitted using fracture parameter inversion method based on pump off pressure drop. (3) The simulation results indicate that the optimal construction parameters include a displacement of 8 m³/min, perforation interval of 8–10 m, liquid volume of 910 m³, and sand ratio of 10%–16%. (4) After fracturing and putting into operation, the duration of steady production extends by 8 years, and the cumulative gas production increases by 16.13×10⁸ m³, showing significant enhancement of fracturing results, which provides guidance for the development of similar blocks.

Key words: ultra-high pressure tight gas reservoir, geology and engineering integration, fracturing parameter optimization, natural fracture model, numerical simulation

CLC Number:

TE357.11

Zhang Ruihan, Xiong Zhuohang, Zhao Chuankai, Shi Lei, Yan Liheng, Chou Peng. Fracture propagation simulation and optimal design of ultra-deep and ultra-high pressure tight gas reservoirs in Hutubi area, Junggar Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(3): 165-178.

References

[1] 江同文，滕学清，杨向同，等.塔里木盆地克深8超深超高压裂缝性致密砂岩气藏快速、高效建产配套技术[J].天然气工业，2016, 36(10):1-9.
Jiang Tongwen, Teng Xueqing, Yang Xiangtong, et al. Integrated techniques for rapid and highly-efficient development and production of ultra-deep tight sand gas reservoirs of Keshen 8 Block in the Tarim Basin [J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2016,36(10):1-9.
[2] 康玉柱.中国致密岩油气资源潜力及勘探方向[J].天然气工业，2016, 36(10):10-18.
Kang Yuzhu. Resource potential of tight sand oil & gas and exploration orientation in China [J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2016, 36(10):10-18.
[3] 彭国强.致密气藏生产井产能预测模型研究[D].青岛：中国石油大学(华东)，2018.
Peng Guoqiang. Research on production well productivity prediction model of tight gas reservoir [D]. Qingdao: China University of Petroleum (East China), 2018.
[4] 贾爱林，位云生，郭智，等.中国致密砂岩气开发现状与前景展望[J]. 天然气工业，2022,42(1):83-92.
Jia Ailin, Wei Yunsheng, Guo Zhi, et al. Development status and prospects of tight sandstone gas in China [J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2022,42(1):83-92.
[5] 王锋，刘慧卿，吕广忠.低渗透油藏长缝压裂直井稳态产能预测模型[J]. 油气地质与采收率，2014,21(1):84-86,91,116-117.
Wang Feng, Liu Huiqing, Lv Guangzhong. Steady state productivity prediction model of long fracture straight well in low permeability reservoir [J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2014,21(1):84-86,91,116-117.
[6] 王志民，张辉，徐珂，等.超深裂缝性砂岩气藏增产地质工程一体化关键技术与实践[J].中国石油勘探，2022,27(1):164-171.
Wang Zhimin, Zhang Hui, Xu Ke, et al. Key technology and practice of well stimulation with geology and engineering integration of ultra-deep fractured sandstone gas reservoir [J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2022,27(1):164-171.
[7] 王振彪，孙雄伟，肖香姣.超深超高压裂缝性致密砂岩气藏高效开发技术：以塔里木盆地克拉苏气田为例[J].天然气工业，2018,38(4): 87-95.
Wang Zhenbiao, Sun Xiongwei, Xiao Xiangjiao. High-Efficiency development technology for ultra-deep ultra-high-pressure fractured tight sandstone gas reservoirs: taking the Krasu gas field in Tarim Basin as an example [J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2018,38(4):87-95.
[8] 王欢，王彦辉，王秀娟.应用三维地震解释方法识别裂缝[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2003,22(5):71-73,78.
Wang Huan, Wang Yanhui, Wang Xiujuan. Identification of fractures by 3D seismic interpretation [J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2003,22(5):71-73,78.

[9] 徐淼.基于蚂蚁体追踪的裂缝预测技术在静北地区的应用[J].内蒙古石油化工，2015,41(专刊1):106-108.

Xu Miao. Application of crack prediction technology based on ant body tracking in Jingbei area [J]. Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry, 2015,41(Z1):106-108.
[10] 王军，李艳东，甘利灯.基于蚂蚁体各向异性的裂缝表征方法[J].石油地球物理勘探，2013,48(5):763-769,673,854.
Wang Jun, Li Yandong, Gan Lideng. Fracture characterization method based on anisotropy of ant body [J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2013,48(5):763-769,673,854.
[11] 廖龙.基于地震相干体数据的裂缝及断层检测方法研究[D].成都：电子科技大学，2020.
Liao Long. Research on fracture and fault detection method based on seismic coherent volume data [D]. Chengdu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2020.
[12] 陈作，李双明，陈赞，等.深层页岩气水力裂缝起裂与扩展试验及压裂优化设计[J].石油钻探技术，2020,48(3):70-76．
Chen Zuo, Li Shuangming, Chen Zan, et al. Hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation test and fracturing optimization design of deep shale gas [J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2020,48(3):70-76.
[13] 何文.金龙2井区储层改造地质工程一体化研究[D].成都：成都理工大学，2020.
He Wen. Integrated geological engineering research on reservoir transformation in Jinlong 2 well area [D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2020.
[14] 罗迪，李黎，马逢源，等.基于地质工程一体化的海上低渗油田压裂实践与认识：以珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷为例[J].中国石油勘探，2024, 29(3):104-117.
Luo Di, Li Li, Ma Fengyuan, et al. Fracturing practice and understanding of offshore low-permeability oilfield based on geological engineering integration: a case study of Lufeng Sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2024,29(3): 104-117.
[15] 肖阳，马中慧，刘书云，等.珠江口盆地潜山储层地质力学及压裂参数优化研究[J].科学技术与工程，2024,24(4):1392-1401.
Xiao Yang, Ma Zhonghui, Liu Shuyun, et al. Study on geomechanics and fracturing parameter optimization of buried hill reservoir in the Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2024,24(4):1392-1401.
[16] 匡立春，支东明，王小军，等.准噶尔盆地上二叠统上乌尔禾组大面积岩性—地层油气藏形成条件及勘探方向[J].石油学报，2022, 43(3):325-340.
Kuang Lichun, Zhi Dongming, Wang Xiaojun, et al. Formation conditions and exploration direction of large-scale lithologic stratigraphic oil and gas reservoirs in Upper Wuerhe Formation of Upper Permian in the Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022,43(3):325-340.
[17] 吴涛，王彬，费李莹，等.准噶尔盆地凝析气藏成因与分布规律[J]. 石油学报，2021,42(12):1640-1653.
Wu Tao, Wang Bin, Fei Liying, et al. Origin and distribution of condensate gas reservoirs in the Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021,42(12):1640-1653.
[18] 张冠杰，吴孔友，范彩伟，等.莺琼盆地重点区带深层储层岩石力学参数求取及意义[J].高校地质学报，2021,27(5):616-624.
Zhang Guanjie, Wu Kongyou, Fan Caiwei, et al. Calculation and significance of rock mechanics parameters for deep reservoirs in key areas of Yingqiong Basin [J]. Geological Journal of China Universities, 2021,27(5):616-624.
[19] 赵军龙，蔡振东，张亚旭，等.鄂尔多斯盆地C区长8储层岩石力学参数剖面建立方法[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2015,30(3):47-52,104.
Zhao Junlong, Cai Zhendong, Zhang Yaxu, et al. Method for establishing rock mechanics parameter profile of Chang 8 reservoir in C area of Ordos Basin [J]. Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University (Natural Science Edition), 2015,30(3):47-52,104.
[20] 路智勇，刘莉，姜宇玲，等.涪陵气田立体开发地质工程一体化实践[J].中国石油勘探，2024,29(3):10-20.
Lu Zhiyong, Liu Li, Jiang Yuling, et al. Integrated practice of geological engineering in the three-dimensional development of Fuling gas field [J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2024,29(3): 10-20.
[21] 林永茂，雷炜，缪尉杰，等.深层致密气地质工程一体化实践：以川西须家河组为例[J].中国石油勘探，2024,29(3):21-30.
Lin Yongmao, Lei Wei, Miao Weijie, et al. Integrated practice of deep tight gas geological engineering: taking the Xujiahe Formation in western Sichuan as an example [J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2024,29(3):21-30.
[22] 陈治喜，陈勉，黄荣樽，等.层状介质中水力裂缝的垂向扩展[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版)，1997(4):25-28,34,116.
Chen Zhixi, Chen Mian, Huang Rongzun, et al. Vertical extension of hydraulic fractures in layered media [J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 1997(4):25-28,34,116.
[23] 金成志，何剑，林庆祥，等.松辽盆地北部芳198—133区块致密油地质工程一体化压裂实践[J].中国石油勘探，2019,24(2):218-225.
Jin Chengzhi, He Jian, Lin Qingxiang, et al. Fracturing stimulation based on geology-engineering integration to tight oil reservoirs in block Fang198—133, northern Songliao Basin [J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2019, 24(2):218-225.
[24] 谢贵琪，林海，刘世铎，等.柴达木盆地西部英雄岭页岩油地质工程一体化压裂技术创新与实践[J].中国石油勘探，2023,28(4): 105-116.
Xie Guiqi, Lin Hai, Liu Shiduo, et al. Innovation and practice of geology and engineering integrated fracturing technology for shale oil in Yingxiongling area in the western Qaidam Basin [J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2023,28(4):105-116.
[25] 杨亚东，邹龙庆，王一萱，等.川南深层页岩气藏压裂裂缝导流能力影响因素分析[J].特种油气藏，2024,31(5):162-167.
Yang Yadong, Zou Longqing, Wang Yixuan, et al. Analysis of factors affecting the fracture conductivity in deep shale gas reservoirs of southern Sichuan [J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2024,31(5):162-167.
[26] 任岚，于志豪，赵金洲，等.深层页岩气断层属性对压裂缝网的影响[J].特种油气藏，2023,30(2):95-100.
Ren Lan, Yu Zhihao, Zhao Jinzhou, et al. Influence of fault attributes of deep shale gas on fracturing fracture network [J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2023,30(2):95-100.
[27] 徐波，王振华，宋婷，等.致密砂岩储层可压裂性的测井评价方法[J].油气地质与采收率，2024,31(6):57-64.
Xu Bo，Wang Zhenhua，Song Ting, et al. Logging evaluation method of fracturability of tight sandstone reservoirs [J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency，2024,31(6):57-64.
[28] 邓美洲，牛娜，尹霜，等.各向异性致密砂岩气藏分段压裂水平井气水两相产能预测模型[J].油气地质与采收率，2024,31(3):99-111.
Deng Meizhou，Niu Na，Yin Shuang, et al. Gas-water two-phase productivity prediction model of multistage fractured horizontal wells in anisotropic tight sandstone gas reservoirs [J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency，2024,31(3):99-111.
[29] 赵玉龙，崔乾晨，高上钧，等.基于停泵压降数据的页岩气井单段裂缝参数反演：以长宁N209井区页岩气井为例[J].深圳大学学报(理工版)，2024,41(1):22-32.
Zhao Yulong, Cui Qianchen, Gao Shangjun, et al. Single stage fracture parameter inversion of shale gas well based on shut-down pump pressure drop data: a case study of shale gas well N209, Changning [J]. Journal of Shenzhen University (Science and Engineering), 2024,41(1):22-32.