Junggar Basin is one of the large-scale composite superposition petroliferous basins in west China. It features in abundant oil and gas resources, great prospect for exploration, but unbalanced gas exploration. Based on analyzing such characteristics forming gas reservoirs as the features and distribution of gas source rocks, distribution of gas reservoirs and gas source areas, gas reservoir distribution and faults, main periods for forming gas reservoirs, and gas accumulation types, as well as the structural evolution characteristics and recent exploration achievements of the basin, the gas exploration areas of the basin are basically identified, including the Carboniferous of eastern Luliang uplift-Wucaiwan sag-Baijiahai uplift, the Jurassic of Muosuowan uplift-Mobei uplift-western Luliang uplift in the central depression, the Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene of the frontland thrust belt, and the deep Carboniferous and Permian of Mosuowan anticline in the central depression of the basin.

Subtle hydrocarbon reservoirs in Nanpu Sag are mainly divided into updip pinch out reservoirs, lenticular reservoirs, fault-lithologic reservoirs, and unconformability of lap screened reservoirs. Their distribution is determined by the types of the slope break belts, such as fault, flexure, sedimentary, and erosional slope break belts. Geologically, the subtle oil-gas reservoirs are mainly controlled by faults, of which major syn-sedimentary basement faults dominate the formation of various slope break belts that determine the formation and distribution of subtle traps, while oil source faults play an important role in transporting oil and gas from hydrocarbon source rocks to subtle traps. Therefore, the reservoir-forming of subtle reservoirs can be divided into three stages: firstly, faults control slope break belts; secondly, the slope break belts control subtle traps; thirdly, oil source faults transport oil and gas to form reservoirs.

Lucaogou Formation in Middle Permian is one of the main oil-bearing series in Malang Sag of Santanghu Basin. The basic characteristics of the reservoir of the Formation are represented in this paper from the aspects of lithology, pore structures and permeability of the matrix. It proves that the matrix of the Formation has significant reservoir potential and serves as the main reservoir spaces. Based on the data of core description, dip, and imaging logging, thorough description and analysis are conducted on the fracture development characteristics of reservoirs in Lucaogou Formation. The relationship between the fracture and the lithology, stratum thickness, and structural location is figured out, as well as the favorable distribution of the fractures is identified in the Formation. What's more, the author puts forward that the density of effective fractures controls the single-well output and the reservoirs of the Formation are fractured reservoirs. The conclusions achieved in this paper will provide a solid basis for the exploration evaluation, reserve upgrading and demonstration of development feasibility of oilfields in the future.

Detailed analyses of crude oils and source rock extracts indicate that there are two sets of effective hydrocarbon source rocks in eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin. Typical crude oil derived from the lacustrine source rocks in the Eocene Wenchang Formation is characterized by abundant C304- methylsteranes but relatively little bicadinane chemicals (T), while the typical crude oil derived from Oligocene Enping Formation features in high content of bicadinane chemicals (T) and relatively low content of C30 4-methylsteranes with high Pr/Ph. The chemical compositions of most crude oils coincide with the mixed features of these two source rocks but do not match those unknown source rocks. The comparison of oil sources shows that the crude oils of Xijiang 24-3 and Xijiang 24-1 mainly derived from the source rocks in Xijiang-24 Wenchang and Enping Formations. The chemical composition of crude oils is determined by the source rocks combination in sags. The oil and gas in the basin features in hydrocarbon accumulation near the source rocks and short distance migration from them.

The northern marginal basin of South China Sea features in abundant abiogenic CO2 resources, multiple genetic types, complex migration, accumulation and reservoir-forming rules, large-scale and great potential of resources. Based on the degree of research and exploration, it is predicted that CO2 resources of the basin has surpassed one trillion cubic meters so far, as well as proven geologic CO2 reserves has closed to 300 billion cubic meters, which occupies the most of the country. The basin has great exploration potential and prospect for comprehensive development and utilization. Some CO2 gas reservoirs and CO2-containing oil-gas reservoirs have been founded in Zengmu and Wanan Basins in the southern margin of South China Sea, of which the genetic types are mainly abiogenic volcano-mantle origin. They are controlled by volcano-mantle activities and translocation of discordogenic faults. However, the two basins are under poor exploration and research now.

Based on geochemical method, this paper establishes a geochemical criterion preliminarily to identify the oil and water layers of Huizhou 26-2 Oilfield and analyze the geochemical features of oil reservoirs in the oilfield. The Zhujiang and Zhuhai Formations of Huizhou 26-2 Oilfield have two stages of oil and gas charge generated by the hydrocarbon source rocks ofWenchang and Enping Formations. The former stage of crude oil charge generated by the source rocks ofWenchang Formation is exposed to biodegradation in middle and lower parts of Zhuhai Formation, while the latter stage of oil and gas charge is generated by the source rocks of Enping Formation. The biodegradation of the hydrocarbons in the reservoirs of Zhujiang Formation is not obvious.On the basis of analyzing the composition differences of reservoir hydrocarbons and the thermal evolution history of the source rocks in Huizhou-26 sag, it discusses the unsealing property of the main faults and the oil and gas migration direction around Huizhou 26-2 Oilfield.

The general law of the development of seismic data acquisition system is summarized from six aspects on the basis of the development of seismic exploration instrument. Based on the development tendency of seismic exploration technologies as well as the requirements of geophysics on seismic data acquisition system, the author puts forward that the seismic exploration instrument will be all-digital, with large number of channels, high performance, and good effect. According to the technological progress of modern electronic industry, this paper introduces the general development of the technologies on which seismic data acquisition system depends, and systematically analyzes the main problems of the main seismic data acquisition system nowadays from the perspectives of acquisition and application properties. To meet the requirements of geophysics, this paper looks forward to the main technological features and properties of the future seismic data acquisition system relying on technological development. The purpose is to serve geophysical exploration and provide a good reference for the independent research and development, creative application, and the introduction of advanced seismic data acquisition system in the future.

Seismic imaging in Northeast Sichuan is greatly influenced by the widely distributional carbonate, strata juxtaposition with swelling and concaving, superimposition and connection between different wave fields, complex interlayer contact conditions, static corrections, high and steep structure, as well as rapid change of seismic velocity in the area. By analyzing the effect of surface factors, effective wave frequency, amount of static correction, and gypsum bed effectiveness on the quality and imaging of seismic data, a series of processing technologies, such as the 3D refraction static correction technology and the migration imaging technology constrained by the velocity of structural modeling layers, have been developed and they clear up the unfavorable influences on seismic imaging. The technologies have been applied to the Xuanhan-Daxian area of Northeast Sichuan and good results have been achieved, laying a solid foundation for the large-scale development of super-large Puguang gasfield

Marlite is a transitional type of sedimentary rock, so marlite reservoir is highly anisotropic and heterogeneous. It is difficult to fulfill geologic tasks only by using of conventional logging data. Based on the dual pore interpretation model and the analysis of the marlite reservoir characteristics and logging response characteristics of Shulu Sag, the author establishes an optimum logging criterion for marlite reservoir evaluation, as well as studies on the positive effect of the optimum logging technology on the exploration and logging interpretation of marlite reservoir. What's more, a standard is established for marlite reservoir evaluation. On the basis of FMI, DSI logging technologies, this paper shows the enrichment law of effective reservoir in marlite strata, which will be a good reference for the exploration and logging interpretation of marlite reservoir

Reservoir evaluation is a management system established by PetroChina Company Limited (PetroChina) to implement the work pattern of the integration of exploration and development, which is an important part of the four work stages of crude oil exploration and development of the company. This paper discusses the establishment of the reservoir evaluation management system from the perspective of the development of PetroChina's reservoir evaluation management, summarizing the three features of reservoir evaluation and five items of reservoir evaluation experience. It also discusses the three fundamental principles of reservoir evaluation, and finally presents the challenges of reservoir evaluation being faced with

The Fifth Five-Year Project of oil and gas exploration established by Daqing Oilfield Company focuses on pursuing long-term development, making overall plans and taking all factors into consideration, completing system subsidiary projects by adjusting structures, improving theories, and developing technologies to achieve big discoveries and breakthroughs in oil and gas exploration. In the past five years, Daqing Oilfield Company has stabilized its oil and gas exploration by improving the Fifth Five-Year Project and achieved a lot, greatly accelerating the development of its oil and gas exploration and ensuring the implementation effect of oil and gas exploration in Daqing oil province. Based on the analysis of the Fifth Five-Year Project, it is concluded that principle is decisive, preset loading is the basis, and new technology holds the key to application

Such seismic facies characteristics as seismic amplitude and wave form are related to the reservoir physical properties and fluid features. Based on study, the relationship is identified between reservoir features (porosity and thickness) and seismic facies attributes (seismic amplitude and wave form), as well as a simple, rapid, and effective way is figured out to predict the distribution of carbonate reservoir in Omen Daleel Oilfield, which is proved successful and can be popularized in the exploration and development of similar oil and gas fields both in China and abroad.

South America is one of the main oil and gas producing areas in the world, of which the annual oil and gas output (oil equivalent), residual proven recoverable crude oil and gas reserves are more than 300 million tons, 13.4 billion tons and 7 billion cubic meters respectively, and the reserveproduction ratio is far higher than the average world level. Such countries as Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru have great potential for oil and gas exploration and development. Based on presenting the geologic background of South America, this paper divides the sedimentary basins there into five types and discusses the distribution characteristics and the difference of oil-gas resources of each type. South America is supposed to become the main area of exploration for oil and gas in the world in the future years on the basis of analyzing the oil and gas resources and their exploration in different countries in South America, all of which are the most appealing cooperators of China in oil-gas exploration and development in the world

Geological interpretation and thorough research are carried out based on the data of "the deep artificial seismic sounding profiles of Emin- Karamay-Qitai" in the report of "the integrated engineering detection of the structural framework of Junggar Basin" accomplished in July 2001. In this paper, the author puts forward that the oil source of Karamy-Urumqi oil province does not lies in Mahu Depression but in the middle and lower crust 28- 38km below Karamay-Zhayier Mountains. Based on the data analysis of the bitumen from Wuerhe, oil, gas, water, and cores, it is proved that oil and gas are migrated to Karamay-Urumqi oil province through the supracrustal and discordogenic fault and numerous nappe thrusts on the east and west sides of the oil source bed, in which the oil sources contain plenty of organic matters from marine and terrestrial sediments. The distribution characteristics of various reservoirs and oil-gas seepages of Karamay-Urumqi oil province also show that the oil sources of the oil province are vertically migrated. Suggestions are put forward in this paper to promote the exploration oil in Karamay Oilfield.