柴北缘侏罗纪凹陷结构特征及石油地质意义

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2017.05.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 传统的地震资料解释方法受制于地震资料品质等原因，对柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系分布厚度及平面特征的认识一直存在局限性，通过柴北缘早、中侏罗世时期的构造演化分析，建立了侏罗纪断陷+坳陷的新的构造解释模型。在该模型的指导下，发现了红三旱、尖顶山、长尾梁等新的侏罗纪凹陷。根据剖面形态及构造特征，将受到强烈改造的侏罗纪凹陷划分为5种类型，分别是软弱层主导的强变形凹陷、能干层主导的强变形凹陷、基底断裂主导的强变形凹陷、挤压挠曲的弱变形凹陷及垂直隆升的弱变形凹陷。断陷期地层主要受控于柴北缘基底深大断裂，坳陷期地层则全区分布，两者具有明显的继承性。通过应力场与现今基底主干断裂走向关系分析，祁连山的阻隔及阿尔金山的左行走滑作用控制了现今侏罗纪凹陷的形态特征。早侏罗世断陷所在的地区，烃源岩条件更为优越；并联式的断陷结构有利于烃源岩生成的油气向远距离运移，易形成源外油气藏。

关键词: 柴北缘, 侏罗系, 解释模型, 凹陷结构

Abstract: Due to the poor quality of seismic data, traditional seismic data interpretation methods cannot provide complete understanding on the distribution thickness and plane characteristics of Jurassic at the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin. In this paper, a new structure interpretation model for Jurassic faulted depression + depression was established after the structural evolution of the northern margin in the Early and Middle Jurassic was analyzed. By virtue of this model, a series of new Jurassic sags have been discovered, including Hongsanhan, Jiandingshan and Changweiliang sags. On the basis of section morphology and structure characteristics, the Jurassic sags strongly reworked are classified into 5 types, i.e., incompetent bed dominated strongly deformed sag, competent bed dominated strongly deformed sag, basement fracture dominated strongly deformed sag, compaction-flexture weakly deformed sag, and vertically uplifted weakly deformed sag. The strata of faulted depression stage are mainly controlled by the discordogenic fault in the basement at the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin, and the strata of depression stage are distributed in the whole area. They both present obvious inheritance. The relationship between the stress field and the trending of present trunk fault in the basement was analyzed. It is indicated that the morphologic characteristics of present Jurassic sags are controlled by the barrier of Qilian Mountain and the left-lateral strike slip of Altun Mountain. The source rocks are more superior where the Early Jurassic faulted depression is located. Parallel faulted depression is favorable for the long-distance migration of oil and gas generated by the source rocks, resulting in great probability of formation of outside-source oil and gas reservoirs.

Key words: northern margin of the Qaidam Basin, Jurassic, interpretation model, structure of sag

中图分类号:

TE111.2

曾旭, 田继先, 杨桂茹, 王波, 郭泽清, 王薇, 张海龙. 柴北缘侏罗纪凹陷结构特征及石油地质意义[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2017, 22(5): 54-63.

Zeng Xu, Tian Jixian, Yang Guiru, Wang Bo, Guo Zeqing, Wang Wei, Zhang Hailong. Structure characteristics and petroleum geological significance of Jurassic sags at the northern margin of Qaidam Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2017, 22(5): 54-63.

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