中国石油勘探 ›› 2020, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (4): 52-64.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2020.04.006

• 石油地质 • 上一篇    下一篇

阿姆河右岸盐下侏罗系大中型气田地质特征与分布规律

王红军1 ,张良杰1 ,陈怀龙2 ,张宏伟1 ,白振华1 ,蒋凌志1   

  1. 1 中国石油勘探开发研究院; 2 中国石油(土库曼斯坦)阿姆河天然气公司
  • 出版日期:2020-07-14 发布日期:2020-07-14
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项“海外重点探区目标评价与未来领域选区选带研究”(2016ZX05029-005);中国石油天然气集团有限公 司科技项目“海外天然气藏复杂储层精细评价与预测技术”(2018D-4305)。

Geological characteristics and distribution law of sub-salt Jurassic large and medium gas fields in the right bank of the Amu Darya River

Wang Hongjun1,Zhang Liangjie1, Chen Huailong2, Zhang Hongwei1,Bai Zhenhua1, Jiang Lingzhi1,   

  1. 1 PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development; 2 CNPC(Turkmenistan) Amu Darya River Gas Company
  • Online:2020-07-14 Published:2020-07-14
  • Supported by:
     

摘要: 阿姆河右岸区块位于中亚阿姆河盆地东北部,天然气资源丰富,盐下中—上侏罗统碳酸盐岩是主要的油 气富集层位。通过对盐下大中型气田的地质特征和成藏因素进行分析,结果表明:①盐下碳酸盐岩大中型气田可划分 为叠合台内滩气田、缓坡礁滩气藏群和逆冲构造缝洞型气田3 类,其中叠合台内滩气田发育孔隙(洞)型台内滩储集 体,纵向叠置且隔夹层发育,形成多套气水系统;缓坡礁滩气藏群发育裂缝—孔隙(洞)型斜坡礁滩储集体,平面表 现为“一礁一藏”;逆冲构造缝洞型气田发育碳酸盐岩缝洞型储集体,气水系统复杂,距主控断层越近、充注强度越 高,气水界面越低。②叠合台内滩气田分布于蒸发台地—局限台地—开阔台地,气田规模受古地貌和现今构造幅度控 制;缓坡礁滩气藏群位于台缘上斜坡带,天然气富集程度与古地貌高和礁滩体类型密切相关;缝洞型气田分布于山前 逆冲构造带,气田内断层发育规模是高产富集主控因素。③深层中—下侏罗统碎屑岩形成了自生自储的成藏组合,具 有大中型气田形成条件,喜马拉雅期改造较弱的继承性构造圈闭和凹陷带地层—岩性圈闭是有利的勘探目标。

 

关键词: 阿姆河盆地, 盐下, 侏罗系, 碳酸盐岩, 天然气, 气藏类型, 分布规律

Abstract: The right bank block of the Amu Darya River is located in the northeastern part of the Amu Darya Basin in Central Asia and has abundant gas resources. The sub-salt carbonate rocks of the Middle-Upper Jurassic are the main hydrocarbon enrichment formations. Analysis of the geological characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation factors of sub-salt large and medium gas fields show that: ① The sub-salt large and medium carbonate gas fields can be divided into three types: gas fields of superimposed inner-platform shoals, gas reservoir groups of ramp reef shoals, and fracture-cavity type gas fields in thrust structures. Pore (vug) type inner-platform shoal reservoirs are developed in the gas fields of superimposed inner-platform shoals. They are vertically superimposed, with development of barrier layers and interlayers, forming multiple sets of gas-water systems. Fracture- pore (vug) type ramp reef shoal reservoirs are developed in the gas reservoir groups of ramp reef shoals. In the plane, this is characterized as “one reservoir in one reef”. Carbonate fracture-cavity reservoirs are developed in fracture-cavity type gas fields in thrust structures with complicated gas-water systems. The closer to the main faults, the higher the charging intensity and the lower the gas-water contact. ② Gas fields of superimposed inner-platform shoals are distributed in evaporate platform–restricted platform–open platform. The scale of this type of gas field was controlled by paleogeomorphology and structural amplitude. The gas reservoir groups of ramp reef shoals were located on upper ramp zones of platform margins, with the gas enrichment degree being closely related to the paleogeomorphic high and to the type of reef-shoal. Fracture-cavity type gas fields are distributed in piedmont thrust structural zones. The development scale of faults in the gas fields is the main controlling factor of high gas production and enrichment. ③ The deep clastic rocks of the Middle-Lower Jurassic form a hydrocarbon accumulation assemblage of self-generation and self-storage, which has the conditions required for the formation of large and medium gas fields. Successive structural traps with less reconstruction in the Himalayan and stratigraphic-lithologic traps in the sag zones are favorable exploration targets.

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