银额盆地现今结构及油气勘探启示

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2023.01.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 银额盆地是国内勘探程度比较低的大型盆地之一，对盆地深层地震资料处理和解释结果的不同，导致盆地现今结构认识不清，制约了盆地油气勘探方向认识。通过已钻井解剖、地震资料重新处理、解释以及盆地构造变形分析，厘清地层时代归属问题，明确盆地深层现今结构特征和盆地类型，指出盆地油气勘探部署方向。研究认为，银额盆地中生界与前中生界不整合特征明显，表现为连续的较强能量的地震同相轴；前期认为不整合面之下呈水平连续地震反射特征的石炭系—二叠系实为多次波成像，认为石炭系—二叠系在中生界覆盖之下呈水平分布是不合理的；不整合面之上为中生代断陷盆地，主体白垩系各层段反射特征清晰；不整合之下前中生界（主体为石炭系—二叠系）表现为一系列冲断构造、复式褶皱，地震成像不连续，与地层产状有关，信噪比低。总体来看，银额盆地是发育在海西期造山带褶皱基底之上的中生代断陷盆地，前中生界发生强烈的褶皱变形和冲断构造，目前发现的油气主要来自白垩系，是油气勘探的主要层系。地质与地震相结合的分析方法有助于正确认识复杂盆地或盆地复杂区。

关键词: 银额盆地, 不整合面, 褶皱冲断, 中生代断陷盆地, 勘探启示

Abstract: Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin is one of the large basins with low degree of exploration in China. The multiple processing and interpretation results of deep seismic data led to unclear understanding of the current basin structure and restricted the understanding on the direction of petroleum exploration in the basin. The analysis of the drilled wells, reprocessing and interpretation of seismic data, and study on basin tectonic deformation enable to clarify the stratigraphic age, determine the current structural features of deep formations and basin type, and propose the direction of petroleum exploration in the basin. The results show that: (1) There is a distinct unconformity between the Mesozoic and Pre-Mesozoic in Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin, which is characterized by continuous seismic event with strong energy; (2) The previously regarded Carboniferous-Permian system below the unconformity with horizontal continuous seismic reflection is actually multi wave imaging since that the Carboniferous-Permian system could not be horizontally distributed below the Mesozoic; (3) It is a Mesozoic rift basin above the unconformity surface, and each layer of the Cretaceous shows clear reflection features in the main basin part; (4) The Pre-Mesozoic (mainly Carboniferous-Permian system) below the unconformity is characterized by a series of thrust structures and complex folds, discontinuous seismic imaging, and low signal-to-noise ratio. On the whole, Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin was a Mesozoic rift basin developed on the fold basement of Hercynian orogenic belt, and strong fold deformation and thrust tectonism occurred before the Mesozoic. The oil and gas discoveries are mainly obtained in the Cretaceous, which is the main formation for the petroleum exploration. The analysis method combining geology and seismic is helpful to correctly understand the complex basin or complex areas in the basin.

中图分类号:

TE111.1

崔海峰, 侯艳, 鲁如魁. 银额盆地现今结构及油气勘探启示[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2023, 28(1): 83-93.

Cui Haifeng, Hou Yan, Lu Rukui. Current structure of Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin and enlightenments for petroleum exploration[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2023, 28(1): 83-93.

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