西非Termit盆地白垩系层序地层与沉积体系研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以层序地层学及沉积学基础理论为指导，系统开展了西非Termit盆地白垩系层序地层及沉积体系研究，明确了下步勘探的重点目标层系及区带。研究表明，Termit盆地白垩系可划分为2个二级层序、10个三级层序及28个四级层序单元。早白垩世TS1层序沉积期受断裂活动控制，以断控陡坡带—断控缓坡带充填样式为主；晚白垩世TS2层序沉积期受特提斯洋和南大西洋海侵影响，沉积古环境经历了^“陆—海—陆^”演变，以挠曲坡折带、沉积坡折带充填样式为主。Termit盆地以东部物源为主，发育扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、近岸水下扇、远岸水下扇、滨浅海等沉积体系类型。受物源及沉积相控制，垂向上DSQ1、DSQ2低位体系域及YSQ1、YSQ2高位体系域生储盖条件优越，是白垩系勘探的目标层系；平面上Fana低凸起、Yogou斜坡等继承性发育的正向构造带则是油气运聚的优势区带，是下步勘探的目标区带。

关键词: 西非, Termit盆地, 白垩系, 层序地层, 沉积体系

Abstract: Guided by the basic theories of sequential stratigraphy and sedimentology, the study is made of Cretaceous sequential stratigraphy and sedimentary system in Termit Basin of West Africa for the purpose to determine target stratum series and areas in the next exploration stage. The study indicates that the Cretaceous system in Termit Basin can be divided into two secondary sequences, 10 tertiary sequences and 28 quaternary sequential units. TS1 sequential sedimentation of the Early Cretaceous was controlled by fractural activities and filled mainly in the pattern of fault-controlled steep slope to fault-controlled gentle slope. TS2 sequential sedimentation of the Late Cretaceous came under the influence of the Tethys Ocean and South Atlantic transgression. The sedimentary paleao-environment experienced “land-ocean-land” development. The sedimentation was filled mainly in the pattern of flexure slope break and sedimentary slope break. Material sources are located mainly in the eastern part of Termit Basin, where, sedimentary systems of various types developed, such as fan delta, braided river delta, near shore subaqueous fan, far shore subaqueous fan and littoral-neritic sea. Controlled by provenance and sedimentary facies, vertically, DSQ1 and DSQ2 low-level system domain and YSQ1 and YSQ2 high-level system domain have good conditions for reservoir-cap assemblage and are the targets for exploration of the Cretaceous System. On the plane, successive development of positive structural zones like Fana low uplift and Yogou slope are the favorable zones of oil and gas migration and accumulation, which are the targets for next-stage exploration.

汤戈, 孙志华, 苏俊青, 唐鑫萍. 西非Termit盆地白垩系层序地层与沉积体系研究[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2015, 20(4): 81-88.

Tang Ge, Sun Zhihua, Su Junqing, Tang Xinping. Study of Cretaceous Sequential Stratigraphy and Sedimentary System in Termit Basin of West Africa[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2015, 20(4): 81-88.

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