加蓬盆地盐下油气勘探潜力评价

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2017.05.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 盐下油气勘探一直是世界关注的热点。通过对加蓬盆地盐下综合地质研究，从裂谷期岩石圈动力学变形机制上与南大西洋被动大陆边缘盆地进行类比，加蓬盆地属于宽裂谷盆地，裂谷发育规模较大，油气勘探潜力较大。重点对盆地已发现的典型油气藏进行解剖，认为加蓬盆地盐下基本石油地质条件优越，裂谷期湖相烃源岩有机质丰富，烃源潜力大且供烃量充足；盐下发育上、下两套储盖组合，油气成藏主要以上组合的河流-三角洲相Gamba组、Dentale组砂岩储层为主，储集物性好；盐下湖相烃源岩是否发育和圈闭的落实是控制深水区盐下油气能否成藏的关键因素。综合研究认为加蓬盆地盐下具备发育大型油气田的潜力，是海外油气勘探的重点关注区。

关键词: 西非, 加蓬盆地, 盐下, 裂谷盆地, 勘探潜力

Abstract: Petroleum exploration in sub-salt layers has always been the focus all over the world. By comprehensive study on the geology of the sub-salt layers of the Gabon Basin, and analogy with the basins at the passive continental margin in South Atlantic in terms of the dynamic deformation mechanism of the lithosphere during rifting period, it indicates that the Gabon Basin is a wide rift basin with large rift development scale and petroleum exploration potential. Analysis of typical reservoir discoveries in the Gabon Basin indicates that (1) the sub-salt layers have superior petroleum geology conditions because there were abundant lacustrine source rocks during rifting period, with big hydrocarbon source potential and sufficient hydrocarbon supply; (2) the sub-salt layers have two sets (upper and lower) of reservoir-caprock assemblages, and hydrocarbons are mainly accumulated in the sandstone reservoirs in the Gamba Formation and the Dentale Formation in fluvial-delta facies in the upper assemblage, with fine reservoir properties; (3) the development of sub-salt lacustrine source rocks and the formation of traps are key factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation in sub-salt layers in deep water regions. The comprehensive study reaches the conclusion that the sub-salt layers of the Gabon Basin have the potential of developing large-scale oil and gas fields, thus they are the target area for oversea petroleum exploration.

Key words: West African, Gabon Basin, sub-salt, rift basin, exploration potential

中图分类号:

TE122.1

赵红岩, 于水, 黄兴文, 郝立业, 孙鹏超. 加蓬盆地盐下油气勘探潜力评价[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2017, 22(5): 96-101.

Zhao Hongyan, Yu Shui, Huang Xingwen, Hao Liye, Sun Pengchao. Evaluation on petroleum exploration potential in sub-salt layers in Gabon Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2017, 22(5): 96-101.

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