蒙古东戈壁盆地白垩系成藏组合与勘探潜力

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过对蒙古东戈壁盆地构造—沉积演化、成藏特征等进行分析，总结出白垩系成藏组合地质特征，进而评价其勘探潜力。根据成藏组合的划分原则，东戈壁盆地划分出一套一级成藏组合（白垩系成藏组合）和两套二级成藏组合（Tsagaantsav构造—不整合和Zuunbayan构造—不整合）。白垩系成藏组合烃源岩主要为下白垩统下Zuunbayan组、Tsagaantsav组半深湖—深湖相暗色页岩，生烃潜力高；Ⅰ类储层为下白垩统Tsagaantsav组辫状河三角洲、扇三角洲相岩屑砂岩，物性好，Ⅱ类储层为下白垩统Zuunbayan组浊积相、滨浅湖相和冲积平原相砂岩；盖层主要为白垩系层内大面积分布的区域性页岩、泥岩和区域不整合面；白垩系成藏组合为自生自储型，主要发育构造圈闭和岩性圈闭。在详细分析每套成藏组合各地质要素的基础上，采用主观概率法计算出盆地的待发现可采资源量为61.7×10⁶t。对东戈壁盆地的评价结果表明，纵向上的主力勘探层为白垩系成藏组合中的下白垩统；平面上具有较高勘探潜力的地区分布于Unegt次盆东北部和中部、Zuunbayan次盆和Khovsgol次盆西南部和中部。

关键词: 蒙古, 东戈壁盆地, 成藏组合, 资源量, 有利勘探区, 勘探潜力

Abstract: The exploration potential of the East Gobi Basin, Mongolia, was evaluated based on the geological features of the Cretaceous play derived from the analysis of tectonic-sedimentary evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation. According to the play division principle, the East Gobi Basin consists of one primary play (the Cretaceous play) and two secondary plays (the Tsagaantsav and the Zuunbayan structural unconformity plays). The main source rock of the Cretaceous play is the dark semi-deep to deep lacustrine shale of the lower Zuunbayan Formation and the Tsagaantsav Formation of the Lower Cretaceous, with high hydrocarbon generation potential. Class I reservoir is composed of braided river delta and fan delta lithic sandstone of the Lower Cretaceous Tsagaantsav Formation, showing good physical properties. Class II reservoir is composed of turbidite, shore-shallow lake and alluvial plain facies sandstone of the Lower Cretaceous Zuunbayan Formation. Cap rock is regional shale and mudstone and regional uncomformity surface wide distributed in the Cretaceous strata. The Cretaceous play, as a self-generating & self-preserving reservoir, mainly contains structural and lithologic traps. Based on the detailed analysis on the geological elements of each play, the undiscovered recoverable resources of the basin were estimated to be 61.7?0⁶ t with the subjective probability method. The evaluation results reveal that the main exploration strata in the East Gobi Basin are Lower Cretaceous strata in the Cretaceous play in vertical. Besides, in plane, the northeastern and central parts of the Unegt subbasin, Zuunbayan subbasin and the southwestern and central parts of the Khovsgol subbasin have sizable exploration potential.

Key words: Mongolia, East Gobi Basin, play, resources, favorable exploration area, exploration potential

覃勤, 华松涛, 安永民, 鲍志东, 何陵沅, 鲁宁, 文杰, 田作基, 赖洪飞, 宋健, 茆书巍. 蒙古东戈壁盆地白垩系成藏组合与勘探潜力[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2016, 21(5): 81-89.

Qin Qin, Hua Songtao, An Yongmin, Bao Zhidong, He Lingyuan, Lu Ning, Wen Jie, Tian Zuoji, Lai Hongfei, Song Jian, Mao Shuwei. Cretaceous play and exploration potential of East Gobi Basin, Mongolia[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016, 21(5): 81-89.

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