四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组储层特征及勘探方向

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2021.05.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组是中国石油西南油气田公司的重要战略接替领域。随着勘探形势的变化，需要以全盆地为单元，明确储层平面分布规律，为下一步天然气勘探方向提供指导。基于丰富的岩心、测井、地震和野外露头等资料，通过层序格架下的岩相古地理深化认识和储层特征综合分析，认为：（1）四川盆地雷口坡组属于局限台地沉积环境，纵向上可划分为4个三级层序，有利沉积相带发育在海侵体系域，主要位于雷一1亚段、雷三3亚段和雷四3亚段；（2）雷口坡组“一洼两隆”的古地理格局控制着滩体分布，其中盆地西侧龙门山前带滩体为复合叠置发育，东侧膏盐湖边缘滩体为迁移叠置发育；（3）雷口坡组发育沉积型和岩溶改造型两类储层，其中沉积型储层以颗粒滩白云岩储层和微生物白云岩储层为主，主要发育于盆地边缘及盆内古地貌高处，而岩溶改造型储层主要发育于有利相带与岩溶残丘叠合处。综合考虑烃源岩、储层类型和圈闭条件等，指出四川盆地雷口坡组下一步勘探方向：剑阁— 江油—名山一带是雷三段、雷四段颗粒滩白云岩储层和微生物白云岩储层有利勘探领域，资阳—南充地区和泸州古隆起西缘是雷一段滩相白云岩储层有利勘探领域，大川中地区是岩溶改造型储层有利勘探领域。

关键词: 四川盆地, 中三叠统, 雷口坡组, 岩相古地理, 储层特征, 勘探方向

Abstract: The Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation is a major strategic replacement fi eld for petroleum exploration of PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company in Sichuan Basin. The exploration situation is changing, and the rule of reservoir distribution in basin scale is necessary to be identifi ed, so as to provide guidance for gas exploration in the near future. The lithofacies paleogeography within sequence framework is further understood and reservoir characteristics are comprehensively analyzed by using a large number of core samples, well logging, seismic and outcrop data. The results show that: (1) It was a limited platform environment in Sichuan Basin during the deposition of Leikoupo Formation. The formation is subdivided into four tertiary sequences, and the favorable reservoirs are mainly developed in L1 1(1st sub-member of the 1st member of Leikoupo Formation), L33 and L43 sub-members of transgressive system tract; (2) The paleogeographic pattern of “one subsag and two uplifts” during the deposition of Leikoupo Formation controlled the distribution of beach reservoir, in which it was composite superimposed in the piedmont of Longmen Mountain in the western basin while it was migration superimposed of themarginal beach body of gypsum salt lake in the eastern basin; (3) There are two types of reservoirs of Leikoupo Formation, i.e., the faciescontrolled reservoir and karst reservoir. The former is dominated by grain beach dolomite and microbial dolomite, which is mainly developed in the basin margin and paleo highs inside the basin, while the latter is developed in the superimposed area of favorable facies zones and karst residual mounds. Finally, the favorable exploration targets are proposed by comprehensively considering source rocks, reservoir types and trap conditions, including grain beach dolomite and microbial dolomite reservoirs of L3 and L4 members in Jiange-Jiangyou-Mingshan area, beach dolomite reservoirs of L1 member in Ziyang-Nanchong area and the western margin of Luzhou paleo uplift, and karst reservoir in central Sichuan region.

中图分类号:

TE112.23

田瀚, 王贵文, 段书府, 辛勇光, 张豪. 四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组储层特征及勘探方向[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2021, 26(5): 60-73.

Tian Han, Wang Guiwen, Duan Shufu, Xin Yongguang, Zhang Hao. Reservoir characteristics and exploration target of the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation in Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2021, 26(5): 60-73.

参考文献

[1] 周进高，辛勇光，谷明峰，等．四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组天然气勘探方向[J]. 天然气工业，2010,30(12):16-19. Zhou Jingao, Xin Yongguang, Gu Mingfeng, et al . Direction of gas exploration in the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation of the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2010,30(12):16-19.
[2] 汪华，刘树根，秦川，等．四川盆地中西部雷口坡组油气地质条件及勘探方向探讨[J]. 成都理工大学学报（自然科学版），2009,36(6): 669-674. Wang Hua, Liu Shugen, Qin Chuan, et al . Study on petroleum geological conditions and hydrocarbon exploration direction of Leikoupo Formation in the centre and west of Sichuan Basin, China[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science & Technology Edition), 2009,36(6):669-674.
[3] 杨雨，文龙，谢继容，等．四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩天然气勘探进展与方向[J]. 中国石油勘探，2020,25(3):44-55. Yang Yu, Wen Long, Xie Jirong, et al . Progress and direction of marine carbonate gas exploration in Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2020,25(3):44-55.
[4] 唐红君，黄金亮，潘松圻，等．我国天然气探明未开发储量评价及发展对策建议[J]. 石油科技论坛．2020,39(6):37-44. Tang Hongjun, Huang Jinliang, Pan Songqi, et al . Suggestions on assessment and development of China’s proven but undeveloped natural gas reserves[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2020,39(6):37-44.
[5] 匡立春，刘志红，罗凯，等．突破核心技术强化创新引领驱动中国石油高质量发展[J]. 石油科技论坛，2020,39(1):6-9. Kuang Lichun, Liu Zhihong, Luo Kai, et al . Drive CNPC high-quality development by making breakthroughs in core technology and highlighting innovation-guided effects[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2020,39(1):6-9.
[6] 田瀚，唐松，张建勇，等．川西地区中三叠统雷口坡组储层特征及其形成条件[J]. 天然气地球科学，2018,29(11):1585-1594. Tian Han, Tang Song, Zhang Jianyong, et al . Characteristics and formation conditions of carbonate reservoir in Leikoupo Formation of western Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2018,29(11):1585-1594.
[7] 肖开华，李宏涛，段永明，等．四川盆地川西气田雷口坡组气藏储层特征及其主控因素[J]. 天然气工业，2019,39(6):34-44. Xiao Kaihua, Li Hongtao, Duan Yongming, et al . Reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of the Leikoupo gas pools in the western Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2019,39(6):34-44.
[8] 王鑫，辛勇光，田瀚，等．四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组沉积储层研究进展[J]. 海相油气地质，2020,25(3):210-222. Wang Xin，Xin Yongguang，Tian Han, et al . Research progress on sedimentation and reservoir of Leikoupo Formation of Middle Triassic in Sichuan Basin[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2020,25(3):210-222.
[9] 李剑，佘源琦，高阳，等．中国陆上深层—超深层天然气勘探领域及潜力[J]. 中国石油勘探，2019,24(4):403-417. Li Jian, She Yuanqi, Gao Yang, et al . Onshore deep and ultra-deep natural gas exploration fields and potentials in China[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2019,24(4):403-417.
[10] 辛勇光，周进高，倪超，等．四川盆地中三叠世雷口坡期障壁型碳酸盐岩台地沉积特征及有利储集相带分布[J]. 海相油气地质， 2013,18(2):1-7. Xin Yongguang, Zhou Jingao, Ni Chao, et al . Sedimentary facies features and favorable lithofacies distribution of Middle Triassic Leikoupo barriered carbonate platform in Sichuan Basin[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2013,18(2):1-7.
[11] 吕玉珍，倪超，张建勇，等．四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组有利沉积相带及岩相古地理特征[J]. 海相油气地质，2013,18(1):26-32. Lu Yuzhen, Ni Chao, Zhang Jianyong, et al . Favorable sedimentary facies zone and lithofacies palaeogeography of Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation in Sichuan Basin[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2013,18(1):26-32.
[12] 孙春燕，胡明毅，胡忠贵，等．四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组沉积特征及有利储集相带[J]. 石油与天然气地质，2018,39(3):498-512. Sun Chunyan, Hu Mingyi, Hu Zhonggui, et al . Sedimentary characteristics and favorable reservoir facies distribution of the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation，Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018,39(3):498-512.
[13] 曾德铭，王兴志，石新，等．四川盆地西北部中三叠统雷口坡组滩体及储集性[J]. 沉积学报，2010,28(1):42-49. Zeng Deming, Wang Xingzhi, Shi Xin, et al . Characteristics and reservoir property of the Leikoupo Formation of Middle Triassic in northwestern Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2010,28(1):42-49.
[14] 宋晓波，王琼仙，隆轲，等．川西地区中三叠统雷口坡组古岩溶储层特征及发育主控因素[J]. 海相油气地质，2013,18(2):8-14. Song Xiaobo, Wang Qiongxian, Long Ke, et al . Characteristics and main controlling factors of Middle Triassic Leikoupo paleokarst reservoir in western Sichuan Basin[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2013,18(2):8-14.
[15] 杨光，石学文，黄东，等．四川盆地龙岗气田雷四3 亚段风化壳气藏特征及其主控因素[J]. 天然气工业，2014,34(9):17-24. Yang Guang, Shi Xuewen, Huang Dong, et al . Characteristics and major controls of weathering crust gas reservoirs in T2l4 3 in the Longgang Gas Field，Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2014,34(9):17-24.
[16] 侯中健，陈洪德，田景春，等．层序岩相古地理编图在岩相古地理分析中的应用[J]. 成都理工学院学报，2001,28(4):376-382. Hou Zhongjian, Chen Hongde, Tian Jingchun, et al . The application of sequence lithofacies and paleogeography mapping to the analyses of lithofacies paleogeography[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology, 2001,28(4): 376-382.
[17] 李宏涛，胡向阳，史云清，等．四川盆地川西坳陷龙门山前雷口坡组四段气藏层序划分及储层发育控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质， 2017,38(4):753-763. Li Hongtao, Hu Xiangyang, Shi Yunqing, et al . Sequence division and controlling factors of reservoir development of the 4th member of Leikoupo Formation in foreland of Longmen mountains in the western Sichuan Depression，Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017,38(4):753-763.
[18] 王琼仙，宋晓波，王东，等．川西龙门山前雷口坡组四段储层特征及形成机理[J]. 石油实验地质，2017,39(4):491-497. Wang Qiongxian, Song Xiaobo, Wang Dong, et al . Reservoir characteristics and formation mechanism of the 4th member of the Leikoupo Formation in Longmen mountain front[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment，2017,39(4):491-497.
[19] 李蓉，胡昊，许国明，等．四川盆地西部坳陷雷四上亚段白白云岩化作用对储集层的影响[J]. 新疆石油地质，2017,38(2):149-154. Li Rong, Hu Hao，Xu Guoming, et al . Influences of dolomitization on reservoirs of upper T2l4 of Leikoupo Formation in western depression，Sichuan Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology，2017,38(2):149-154.
[20] 卞从胜，汪泽成，江青春，等．四川盆地川西地区雷口坡组岩溶储层特征与分布[J]. 中国石油勘探，2019,24(1):82-93. Bian Congsheng, Wang Zecheng, Jiang Qingchun, et al . Characteristics and distribution of karst reservoirs in the Leikoupo Formation, western Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2019,24(1):82-93.
[21] 丁熊，谭秀成，李凌，等．四川盆地雷口坡组三段颗粒滩储层特征及成因分析[J]. 中国石油大学学报（自然科学版），2013,37(4): 30-37. Ding Xiong, Tan Xiucheng, Li Ling, et al . Characteristics and genetic analysis of grain shoal reservoirs in Lei 3 member of Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation，Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), 2013,37(4):30-37.
[22] 沈安江，陈娅娜，蒙绍兴，等．中国海相碳酸盐岩储层研究进展及油气勘探意义[J]. 海相油气地质，2019,24(4):1-14. Shen Anjiang, Chen Yana, Meng Shaoxing, et al . The research progress of marine carbonate reservoirs in China and its significance for oil and gas exploration[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2019,24(4):1-14.
[23] 廖凤蓉，吴小奇，黄世鹏，等．川西北地区中坝气田雷口坡组天然气地球化学特征及气源探讨[J]. 天然气地球科学，2013,24(1): 108-115. Liao Fengrong, Wu Xiaoqi, Huang Shipeng, et al . Geochemical characteristics and gas-source correlation of Leikoupo Formation in Zhongba Field，northwest Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience，2013,24(1):108-115.
[24] 宋晓波，袁洪，隆轲，等．川西地区雷口坡组潮坪白云岩气藏成藏地质特征及富集规律[J]. 天然气工业，2019,39 ( 增刊1):54-59. Song Xiaobo, Yuan Hong, Long Ke, et al . Geological characteristics and enrichment of tidal flat dolomite gas reservoir in Leikoupo Formation, western Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2019,39(S1):54-59.