湖南保靖页岩气勘探一体化钻井关键技术与实践

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2024.06.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 保靖区块地质条件复杂，下志留统龙马溪组储层薄、埋藏深、热演化程度高，页岩气勘探开发面临巨大的挑战和困难，当前没有成熟的经验可借鉴。为此，遵循“三井合一”的勘探模式，围绕提速增效目标，积极开展一体化钻井研究和实践：（1）井位部署。在地震联合反演基础上，开展地震储层预测和含气性检测研究，首先钻直井获取储层参数，圈定有利区，然后钻水平井评价页岩气产能。（2）建立地质导向模型。根据过井地震、测井等资料，钻前建立地质导向模型，通过A—B 标志层追踪，引导钻头钻进。（3）实施一体化钻井。上部井段使用井下螺杆钻具复合钻进储层，实现井眼轨迹精准控制；下部井段使用旋转导向钻井系统，通过人机交互的测量和控制技术，实时掌握钻头和地层的切割关系，实现对钻头的精确制导。结果表明：通过一体化钻井，能提高作业效率和获取地层参数，有利于储层评价，水平井平均钻速达到3.81m/h，储层钻遇率高达90.68%；实行“三井合一”的勘探模式，加快页岩气勘探开发进程。一体化钻井技术推动了复杂构造区页岩气的勘探进程，实现了页岩气的低成本和高效益开发，为同类地区页岩气勘探开发提供了借鉴。

关键词: 页岩气, 地质工程, 钻前模拟, 地质导向, 水平井, 效果评价

Abstract: The geological conditions are complex in Baojing shale gas block, with characteristics of thin reservoir, great burial depth, and high degree of thermal evolution of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale. The exploration and development of shale gas are facing great challenges and difficulties, and there is a lack of mature experience to learn from. Therefore, targeting at the goal of speed and efficiency improvement, the exploration mode of “three wells in one” has been applied, and research and practice of integrated well drilling technology have actively been conducted as follows: (1) Well location deployment. On the basis of seismic data inversion, seismic reservoir prediction and gas content detection are conducted. The vertical well is first drilled to obtain reservoir parameters and delineate favorable areas, and then the horizontal well is drilled to evaluate the shale gas production capacity. (2) Geological guidance model establishment. The cross well seismic and logging data are used to establish a geological guidance model before drilling, and then A-B marker bed is used to guide the bit drilling. (3) Implementation of integrated drilling. The upper well section is drilled by downhole screw drill tool to achieve the accurate control of wellbore trajectory. The rotary steering drilling system is applied to drill through the lower well section, and the interactive measurement and control technology is used to monitor the cutting of formation by the drill bit in real time, so as to ensure accurate guidance in the target window. The results show that the integrated well drilling technology enables to improve the drilling rate and accurately obtain formation geological parameters, which is conducive to reservoir evaluation, with a drilling rate of 3.81 m/h and a reservoir penetration rate of 90.68%. The implementation of “three wells in one” exploration mode accelarates the process of shale gas exploration and development. The integrated well drilling technology promotes the shale gas exploration progress in complex structural zone, achieves the low-cost and high-efficiency shale gas development, and provides a reference for shale gas exploration and development in similar areas.

Key words: shale gas, geological engineering, predrilling simulation, geological guidance, horizontal well, effect evaluation

中图分类号:

TE243

李斌, 董振国, 罗群. 湖南保靖页岩气勘探一体化钻井关键技术与实践[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2024, 29(6): 144-156.

Li Bin, Dong Zhenguo, Luo Qun. Research and application of integrated well drilling technology for shale gas exploration in Baojing block, Hunan Province[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2024, 29(6): 144-156.

参考文献

[1] 赵福豪, 黄维安, 雍锐, 等. 地质工程一体化研究与应用现状[J]. 石油钻采工艺,2021,43(2):131-138.
Zhao Fuhao, Huang Wei’an, Yong Rui , et al.Research and application status of geological engineering integration [J].Petroleum drilling and production technology, 2021,43 (2):131-138.
[2] 刘清友, 朱海燕, 陈鹏举. 地质工程一体化钻井技术研究进展及攻关方向：以四川盆地深层页岩气储层为例[J]. 天然气工业,2021,41(01):178-188.
Liu Qingyou, Zhu Haiyan, Chen Pengju Research progress and research direction of geological engineering integrated drilling technology - taking deep shale gas reservoir in Sichuan Basin as an example [J] Natural gas industry, 2021,41 (1): 178-188.
[3] 吴奇, 梁兴, 鲜成刚, 等. 地质—工程一体化开发中国南方海相页岩气[J]. 中国石油勘探，2015,20(4):1-23.
Wu Qi, Liang Xing, Xian Chenggang, et al. Geologicalengineering integrated development Chinese southern marine shale gas [J]. China petroleum exploration, 2015,20 (4): 1-23.
[4] 吴奇. 地质导向与旋转导向技术应用及发展[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社,2012:20-30.
Wu Qi. Application and development of geological guidance and rotation guidance technology [M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2012:20-30.
[5] 胡文瑞. 地质工程一体化是实现复杂油气藏效益勘探开发的必由之路[J]. 中国石油勘探,2017,22(3):1-5.
Hu Wenrui. Integration of geolog and engineering is the only way to realize the benefit exploration and development of complex oil and gas reservoirs [J]. China petroleum exploration, 2017,22(3): 1-5.
[6]刘乃震, 王国勇, 熊小林. 地质工程一体化技术在威远页岩气高效开发中的实践与展望[J]. 中国石油勘探,2018,23(2):59-68.
Liunaizhen, Wangguoyong, Xiong Xiaolin. Practice and Prospect of geological engineering integration technology in the efficient development of Weiyuan shale gas [j]. China petroleum exploration, 2018,23 (2): 59-68
[7] 何骁, 周鹏, 杨洪志, 等. 页岩气地质工程一体化管理实践与展望[J].天然气工业,2022,42(2):1-10.
He Xiao, Zhou Peng, Yang Hongzhi, et al. Practice and Prospect of integrated management of shale gas geological engineering [J].Natural gas industry, 2022,42 (2): 1-10
[8] 郑马嘉, 郭兴午, 伍亚, 等. 四川盆地德阳—安岳裂陷槽寒武系筇竹寺组超深层页岩气地质工程一体化高产井培育实践与勘探突破[J]. 中国石油勘探,2024,29(3):58-68.
Zheng Majia, Guo Xingwu, Wu ya, et al. Cultivation practice and exploration breakthrough of geological engineering integrated high-yield wells for Cambrian Qiongzhusi formation in Deyang Anyue rift trough, Sichuan Basin [j]. PetroChina exploration,2024,29 (3): 58-68
[9] 吴宗国, 梁兴, 董健毅. 三维地质导向在地质工程一体化实践中的应用[J]. 中国石油勘探,2017,22(1):89-98.
Wu Zongguo, Liang Xing, Dong Jianyi. The application of 3D geosteering in geolog engineering integration practice[J] China petroleum exploration, 2017,22 (1): 89-98.
[10] 陈中普, 王芳, 苏沛强, 等. 油气勘探开发新型地质工程一体化平台构建思考[J]. 录井工程,2020,31(4):1-9.
Chen Zhongpu, Wang Fang, Su Peiqiang, et al. Thoughts on the construction of a new geological engineering integrated platform for oil and gas exploration and development [J] Logging engineering, 2020,31 (4): 1-9
[11] 刘江涛, 李永杰, 朱杰平, 等. 地质导向技术在页岩气水平井钻井中的应用：以川东南地区A 井为例[J]. 天然气地球科学,2016,27(12):2223-2230.
Liu Jiangtao, Li Yongjie, Zhu Jieping, et al. Application of Geological Guidance Technology in Horizontal Shale Gas Well Drilling: Taking Well A in Southeast Sichuan as an Example [J].Natural Gas Geosciences, 2016, 27 (12): 2223-2230.
[12] 包汉勇, 梁榜, 郑爱维, 等. 地质工程一体化在涪陵页岩气示范区立体勘探开发中的应用[J]. 中国石油勘探,2022,27(1):88-98.
Bao Hanyong, Liang bang, Zheng Aiwei, et al. Application of geological engineering integration in three-dimensionalexploration and development of Fuling shale gas demonstration area [J] China Petroleum Exploration, 2022,27 (1): 88-98.
[13] 谢军, 张浩淼, 佘朝毅. 地质工程一体化在长宁国家级页岩气示范区的实践[J]. 中国石油勘探,2017, 22 (1):21-28.
Xie Jun, Zhang Haomiao, she Zhaoyi. Geolog engineering integration practice in Changning national demonstration area of shale gas [J].China Petroleum Exploration, 2017,22 (1): 21-28.
[14]]Lin C ,Kang Y ,He H , et al. Geoscience-engineering integration-based formation damage control drill-in fluid (GEIFDC-DIF): An essential technology for successful extraction of deep mid-high permeability sandstone reservoirs[J]. Geoenergy Science and Engineering,2024,237:1-14.
王惠君, 卢双舫, 乔露, 等. 南川页岩气地质工程一体化优化中的参数敏感性分析[J]. 地球科学,2023,48(1):267-278.
[15]Wang Huijun, Lu Shuangfang, Qiao Lu, et al. Parameter sensitivity analysis in integrated optimization of shale gas geology and Engineering in Nanchuan [j]. Geosciences, 2023,48 (1): 267-278.
[16]Rui Y ,Cheng C ,Deliang Z , et al. Optimization of shale-gas horizontal well spacing based on geology–engineering–economy integration: A case study of Well Block Ning 209 in the National Shale Gas [17]Development Demonstration Area[J]. Natural Gas Industry B,2021(8) :98-104.
[18]Cheng C ,Shiping T ,Xingchen W , et al. Post-fracevaluation of deep shale gas wells based on a new geologyengineering integrated workflow[J]. Geoenergy Science and Engineering,2023(231):1-15.
[19] 柳文君. 地质工程一体化钻井技术在正安工区研究与应用[J]. 江汉石油职工大学学报,2024,37(2):30-32.
Liu Wenjun. Research and application of geological engineering integrated drilling technology in Zhengan work area [J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Workers’ University, 2024,37(2): 30-32
[20] 鲜成钢. 页岩气地质工程一体化建模及数值模拟: 现状、挑战和机遇[J].石油科技论坛,2018,37(5):24-34.
Xian Chenggang.Integrated modeling and numerical simulation of shale gas geological engineering: current situation, challenges and opportunities [J] Petroleum Technology Forum, 2018,37 (5):24-34.
[21] 林昕, 苑仁国, 韩雪银, 等. 地质导向钻井轨迹控制技术研究[J]. 钻采工艺,2021,44(2):5-8.
LinXin, Yuan Renguo, Han Xueyin, et al. Research on trajectory control technology of geosteering drilling [j]. drilling and production technology, 2021,44 (2): 5-8.