西湖凹陷渐新统花港组浅水三角洲河道砂岩精细储层预测方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.02.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷中南部花港组整体为浅水三角洲沉积体系，勘探主要目的层埋深大、砂泥岩阻抗相近、河道期次及叠置关系复杂，致使储层预测难度大。针对此问题，通过对Zoeppritz方程Shuey近似式梯度项详细解剖，并结合地震正演等分析，明确了AVO梯度与泊松比相关，对储层响应最为敏感和稳定。采用AVO梯度进行河道精细刻画，在花港组H5层识别出4条分流河道，河道1和4呈NW—SE走向，平均宽度、宽厚比、弯曲度分别为0.7km 和0.8km、29 和28、1.04 和1.06；河道2和3为NE—SW走向，平均宽度、宽厚比、弯曲度分别为0.85km和3.1km、26和70、1.40和1.09。应用层序地层学认识和相对等时面层拉平等方法进行河道期次识别，从早到晚依次为河道1、河道2、河道3、河道4。通过不同河道地震响应特征和可能的含气平点等多信息交叉验证分析，认为H5层4条河道互不连通，均具备独立成藏的条件。建立背斜翼部岩性圈闭“断—砂耦合”的成藏模式，认为构造翼部相对核部具有更好的成藏条件。基于以上认识推动在A构造河道4和B构造河道3各钻1口探井，首次获得研究区岩性勘探成功，证实了相关技术方法的实用性与可靠性，并指出了下一步有利勘探区。

关键词: 西湖凹陷, 花港组, 浅水三角洲, 河道砂体, 储层预测, 岩性圈闭, 成藏模式

Abstract: The Huagang Formation is a shallow-water delta depositional system in the middle and south of Xihu sag, East China Sea shelf basin. It is difficult to predict the reservoir because of the large buried depth of the main exploration target layer, the similar impedance of sandstone and mudstone, complex relationship between channel stages and overlaying. To solve this problem, through detailed dissection of the Shuey approximate gradient term of Zoeppritz equation, combined with seismic forward analysis, it is clear that AVO gradient is related to Poisson’s ratio, and it is the most sensitive and stable to reservoir response. Using AVO gradient to finely delineate channel boundary, a total of four distributary channels are identified in H5 layer. Channel 1 and 4 are NW-SE trending, with the average width, width-to-thickness ratio and curvature are 0.7km and 0.8km, 29 and 28, 1.04 and 1.06, respectively. Channel 2 and 3 are NE-SW trending, with average width, widthto- thickness ratio and curvature are 0.85km and 3.1km, 26 and 70, 1.40 and 1.09, respectively. The channel stages are divided into channel 1, channel 2, channel 3 and channel 4 from early to late by the sequence stratigraphy and relative isochronous surface flattening method. It is considered that the four channels of H5 layer are not connected and have the conditions for independent hydrocarbon accumulation according to cross-validation analysis of seismic response characteristics of different channels and possible gas bearing flat points and other multi information. Establish a “fault-sand coupling” hydrocarbon accumulation mode for anticlinal wings lithologic traps. It is considered that the anticlinal wings have better hydrocarbon accumulation conditions than the core. Based on the above understanding, exploration wells were drilled in the channel 4 of structure A and the channel 3 of structure B, both obtained good lithology exploration results for the first time in the study area, which proved the practicability and reliability of the research technique and method, and pointed out the next favorable exploration area.

Key words: Xihu Sag, Huagang Formation, Shallow water delta, Channel sand body, Reservoir prediction, Lithologic trap, Hydrocarbon accumulation mode

中图分类号:

P631.4

焦社宝, 许怀智, 蔡坤, 常吟善, 张岩. 西湖凹陷渐新统花港组浅水三角洲河道砂岩精细储层预测方法[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(2): 113-129.

Jiao Shebao, Xu Huaizhi, Cai kun, Chang Yinshan, Zhang Yan. Fine Prediction Methods for Channel Sand Body of Shallow Water Delta in the Oligocene Huagang Formation in the Xihu Sag[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(2): 113-129.

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