澳大利亚博文盆地煤层气富集规律和勘探策略研究——以博文区块Moranbah煤层组为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2020.04.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 澳大利亚的博文盆地是典型的弧后前陆聚煤盆地。博文盆地博文区块地质条件复杂，尽管已开展了大量的煤层气勘探工作，但是控制煤层气富集的地质因素众多，对该区块的煤层气富集规律一直认识不清。结合博文盆地的煤层发育特征、构造特征、水文地质特征、应力特征以及煤层含气性和渗透率等地质特征，以该地区发育的 Moranbah 煤层组为例，提出“沉积控煤、构造控气、水文控藏、应力控带、局部高部位和边缘斜坡富集高产”的煤层气富集高产规律：沉积相控制煤层分布、煤层储层物性，河流冲积平原、上三角洲平原煤层较厚，下三角洲平原煤层较薄；构造控制含气量及富集带，向斜构造有利于煤层气的富集高产，局部高部位形成煤层气富集高产区；水文地质条件控制煤层气成藏，位于弱径流—承压区成藏条件好，当地表径流和地层倾向一致时，成藏条件较有利；应力场控制煤层高渗带，埋深增加，有效应力增加，煤层割理裂隙闭合造成渗透率降低。在煤层气富集规律的基础上，厘定了煤层气资源规模、控气因素、可采性三级有利区评价指标体系，圈定了研究区块的甜点区、有利区和不利区。基于澳大利亚煤层气区块管理政策，提出了甜点区申请开发许可优先投入试产开发评价、有利区申请潜在商业区勘探保地、不利区申请退地的勘探策略。

关键词: 煤层气富集规律, 高分辨率层序, 含气量, 渗透率, 甜点区, 区块管理, 勘探策略

Abstract: The Bowen Basin in Australia is a typical back-arc foreland coal-accumulation basin. The Bowen block, which lies in the basin, has complex geological conditions. A considerable amount of coalbed methane (CBM) exploration work has been carried out in the block but the CBM enrichment laws remain unclear due to many controlling geological factors. In this paper, the following CBM enrichment and high-production laws are proposed: “coal development is controlled by sedimentary facies, gas-bearing properties are controlled by structure, gas accumulation is controlled by hydrology, CBM plays are controlled by stress, and the enrichment and high-production zones are the local-high positions and the marginal slope”. For the purposes of the study, the Moranbah coal measures are taken as a representative example. Analysis was carried out on a combination of coal seam development characteristics, structural characteristics, hydrogeological characteristics, and stress characteristics, as well as other geological characteristics of coal seams in the Bowen Basin such as gas-bearing properties and permeability. Sedimentary facies control the coal seam distribution and the physical properties of reservoirs. Coal seams in river alluvial plain and upper delta plain are thicker than those in the lower delta plain. Structures control gas content and enrichment zones. Syncline structures are conducive to CBM enrichment and high production. CBM enrichment and high production zones are situated at local high positions of synclines. Hydrogeological conditions control CBM accumulation, which are generally good in weak runoff-confined areas. CBM accumulation conditions are favorable when the direction of surface runoff is consistent with that of formation dip. Stress fields control the high permeability zones of coal seams. With increasing burial depth, effective stress increases and coal seam cleats and fractures are closed, resulting in a decrease in permeability. Based on the proposed CBM enrichment laws, a three-factor evaluation index system for favorable areas is determined: CBM resource scale, gas-controlling factors, and recoverability. ‘Sweet spot’ areas, favorable areas, and unfavorable areas are delineated. Based on current CBM block management policies in Australia, different exploration strategies are proposed. For the ‘sweet spot’ areas, CBM development permissions should be applied for, and pilot production and development evaluation should be given priority. In favorable areas, exploration work should be carried out to retain potential commercial areas. In unfavorable areas, blocks should be relinquished.

中图分类号:

李铭, 孔祥文, 夏朝辉, 夏明军, 王林, 崔泽宏, 刘玲莉. 澳大利亚博文盆地煤层气富集规律和勘探策略研究——以博文区块Moranbah煤层组为例[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2020, 25(4): 65-74.

Li Ming, Kong Xiangwen, Xia Zhaohui, Xia Mingjun, Wang Lin, Cui Zehong, Liu Lingli. A study on coalbed methane enrichment laws and exploration strategies in the Bowen Basin, Australia – the case of the Moranbah coal measures in the Bowen block[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2020, 25(4): 65-74.

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