中国石油勘探 ›› 2022, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 11-26.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2022.02.002
张功成1,2,冯杨伟3,屈红军1
出版日期:
2022-03-15
发布日期:
2022-03-15
作者简介:
张功成(1966-),男,陕西周至人,博士,1994年毕业于中国地质大学(北京),教授级高级工程师,中国海洋石油集团公司级勘探专家,主要从事海洋油气地质学研究工作。地址:北京市朝阳区太阳宫南街6号中海油大厦A座1106室,邮政编码:100028。
基金资助:
Zhang Gongcheng1,2,Feng Yangwei3,Qu Hongjun1
Online:
2022-03-15
Published:
2022-03-15
摘要: 深水油气是当今世界勘探的三大热点之一。基于板块构造理论,全球海洋深水油气盆地沿“三竖两横” 5个巨型带分布,“三竖”是近南北走向的大西洋陆缘深水盆地带、东非陆缘深水盆地带、西太平洋陆缘深水盆地带;“两横”是近东西走向的新特提斯构造域陆缘深水盆地带与环北冰洋陆缘深水盆地带。在以上5个盆地带均有巨型—大型油气区发现,共15个。研究发现,巨型—大型油气区形成受三大因素控制。首要因素是发育世界级烃源岩,包括大型湖相、海陆过渡相和海相3类烃源岩,其中湖相烃源岩主要发育于南大西洋陆缘盆地,海相烃源岩分布在北大西洋陆缘盆地、东非陆缘盆地等海湾环境,海陆过渡相烃源岩主要分布在西太平洋陆缘盆地和新特提斯构造域陆缘盆地大型煤系河流三角洲。第二个因素是发育世界级优质储层,包括碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩两类:碎屑岩储层主要是受大型河流—三角洲控制发育的浊积扇,碳酸盐岩主要与介壳灰岩等有关。第三个因素是世界级圈闭群发育,包括盐构造圈闭、重力滑脱构造圈闭、巨型逆冲退覆构造圈闭、大型浊积体岩性圈闭等。全球海洋深水盆地勘探具有不平衡、不充分特征,存在战略拓展、战略突破、战略发现和战略准备4个战略领域。战略拓展方向包括已证实巨型—大型油气区已证实的富油气成藏组合,是目前获取储量的主要领域,是投资风险小、见效快的投资方向。战略突破方向主要包括已证实巨型—大型油气区的新成藏组合,是烃源岩条件已证实的领域,实现商业性发现的风险小。战略发现方向是已有油气显示或潜在商业发现的潜在油气区,存在规模性发现的潜力。战略准备方向是目前还没有发现、但存在大发现可能的区域。总体看,全球深水油气勘探潜力巨大。
中图分类号:
张功成, 冯杨伟, 屈红军. 全球5个深水盆地带油气地质特征[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2022, 27(2): 11-26.
Zhang Gongcheng, Feng Yangwei, Qu Hongjun. Characteristics of petroleum geology of global five deep-water basin belts[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2022, 27(2): 11-26.
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