中国石油“十二五”油气勘探发现与“十三五”展望

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中国石油天然气股份有限公司（以下简称“中国石油”）“十二五”油气勘探面对“更老、更深、更复杂”等诸多挑战，大力实施资源战略，强力推进地质认识创新与工程技术攻关。海相碳酸盐岩“四古控藏”、碎屑岩岩性地层大面积成藏、前陆冲断带“四位一体”超深层高效成藏、页岩气与致密油等非常规油气成藏等地质新认识创新发展；宽频、宽方位、高密度地震采集、处理和解释一体化技术、复杂储层测井评价与流体识别技术、超深层安全快速钻井技术、水平井体积压裂等工程新技术蓬勃发展。“十二五”期间，中国石油形成了15 个油气规模储量区，探明石油地质储量连续10 年超6×10⁸t，探明天然气地质储量连续9 年超4000×10⁸m³，成为中国石油历史上持续时间最长、总量最高的高峰期。“十三五”期间，面临低油价、“新两法”实施等外部环境变化新形势和勘探开发对象日趋复杂、资源品位变差等诸多内部挑战，研究认为：中国石油处于勘探中期阶段，油气领域科技创新正处于“加速发展期”。通过继续实施资源战略，以海相碳酸盐岩、致密气、前陆冲断带三大领域为天然气重点勘探领域，以碎屑岩岩性地层为石油勘探主体，坚持理论、技术、管理创新，“十三五”将不断发现优质高效规模储量，保持油气储量持续高峰增长。

关键词: 中国石油；油气勘探；地质认识；工程技术；勘探潜力；资源战略；&ldquo, 十二五&rdquo, ；&ldquo, 十三五&rdquo

Abstract: Faced with various challenges involved in older, deeper and more complicated oil and gas exploration targets, PetroChina Company Limited (“PetroChina”) vigorously implemented resource strategies and promoted geologic cognition and innovation and engineering technology research during the 12^th Five-Year Plan. New geologic cognitions were innovatively obtained, such as “four-palaeos” (i.e. paleorift, paleo-bioherm beach complex, paleo-trap, and paleo-uplift) controlling the formation of marine carbonate reservoirs, extensive formation of clastics lithologic reservoirs, high-efficient formation of ultra-deep reservoirs in “four-in-one”foreland thrust belts (namely the belts with folded source rock, ultra-deep effective reservoir, very thick gypsum-salt rock, and imbricate structure), and formation of unconventional oil/gas (e.g. shale gas and tight oil) reservoirs. A series of new engineering technologies were developed, including integrated wide-azimuth, broadband and high-density seismic acquisition, processing and interpretation technology, logging evaluation and fluid identification technology for complex reservoirs, safe and fast drilling technology for ultra-deep layers, and horizontal-well volume fracturing technology. During the 12^th Five-Year Plan, 15 large-scale oil and gas reserve zones were discovered, contributing to the performance with proved original oil in place (OOIP) over 6×10⁸t for 10 consecutive years and proved original gas in place (OGIP) over 4000×10⁸m³ for 9 consecutive years. It records the peak period with the longest duration and the highest total production in the history of PetroChina. During the 13^th Five-Year Plan, PetroChina will encounter new situations with changed external environment (e.g. low oil price, and launching of the latest versions of Production Safety Law and Environmental Protection Law) and many internal challenges (e.g. increasing complexity of targets and deterioration of resource quality) in exploration and development. The study indicates that, PetroChina is at the middle stage of exploration and its oil and gas technical innovation is in the period of speeding-up development. During the 13th Five-Year Plan, PetroChina will continue the resource strategies and persist in theoretical, technical and managerial innovation with marine carbonate rocks, tight gas and foreland thrust belts as the key natural gas exploration domains and clastics lithologic formations as the major oil exploration targets. In this way, PetroChina will devote to discover large-scale reserves with high efficiency and quality, in order to increase oil and gas reserves continuously at peak.

Key words: PetroChina, oil and gas exploration, geologic cognition, engineering technology, exploration potential, resource strategy, the 12^th Five-Year Plan, the 13^th Five-Year Plan

杜金虎, 杨涛, 李欣. 中国石油“十二五”油气勘探发现与“十三五”展望[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2016, 21(2): 1-15.

Du Jinhu, Yang Tao, Li Xin. Oil and gas exploration and discovery of PetroChina Company Limited during the 12^th Five-Year Plan and the prospect during the 13^th Five-Year Plan[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016, 21(2): 1-15.

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