基于地质工程一体化的海上低渗油田压裂实践与认识——以珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2024.03.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 珠江口盆地作为中国海上低渗油气的重要成藏区，低渗油气资源量巨大。陆丰凹陷L44油田是南海东部首个整装压裂开发的低渗油田，为提升开发效益，采用压裂等储层改造方式，但压裂后存在改造规模未达预期、裂缝起裂机理认识不清等问题。建立了一种基于地震解释、测井、地质相结合的海上低渗油田地质工程一体化建模方法，使裂缝扩展延伸更加准确。对研究区开展了三维地质力学建模和地质工程双甜点优选，提出了适用于海上低渗油田压裂设计的储层射孔段长度上限，对C3 井重新进行了压裂方案设计和产能模拟，经二次压裂投产后产量水平与设计预期基本相符。研究结果表明：（1）低排量条件下，射孔段长度由4m增至16m，单段裂缝长度平均减少30m，前5年单井累计产能减小88%；（2）射孔段长度的增大对改造规模起到抑制作用，射孔段长度大于6m时，改造范围大幅减小，射孔段长度小于6m时，改造范围减小幅度不大，最优射孔段长度不应大于6m；（3）射孔段长度小于6m时，施工排量每提升1m³/min，储层改造体积平均增幅为10.97%，提高施工排量可实现进一步增大压裂改造体积的目标。建立的海上低渗油田地质工程一体化建模方法为南海东部低渗油田的开发方案和压裂方案设计提供了全新认识，有利于提升油田开发效益。

关键词: 地质工程一体化, 低渗油田, 裂缝扩展, 压裂参数优化, 陆丰凹陷

Abstract: Pearl River Mouth Basin is a major area for the accumulation of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs with huge resources in the offshore China. L44 Oilfield in Lufeng Sag is the first integral low-permeability oilfield that have been fractured and developed in the eastern South China Sea. However, problems such as insufficient scale of reservoir reconstruction and unclear understanding of fracture initiation mechanism occur after fracturing. Based on seismic interpretation, logging and geological data, a geology and engineering integrated modeling method for offshore low-permeability oilfield has been established, which enables to more accurately predict fracture propagation. In addition,3D geomechanical modeling has been conducted and geological/engineering double sweet spots have optimally been selected in the study area.The upper limit of reservoir perforation interval applicable for offshore low-permeability oilfield has been proposed in fracturing design, and the new fracturing scheme design and capacity simulation have been conducted for Well C3, showing a basically consistent production level with the expectation after the secondary fracturing. The study results show that: (1) Given a low displacement, when the length of perforation interval increases from 4 m to 16 m, the fracture length in a stage decreases by 30 m on an average, and the cumulative production capacity of a single well decreases by 88% in the first five years; (2) An increase in the length of perforation interval inhibits the scale of reservoir reconstruction. When the perforation interval is more than 6 m, the scope of reservoir reconstruction greatly decreases; When the perforation interval is less than 6 m, the scope of reservoir reconstruction insignificantly decreases; As a result, the optimal length of perforation interval should be no more than 6 m; (3) Given a perforation interval of less than 6 m, the average reservoir reconstruction volume increases by 10.97% when the construction displacement increases by 1 m³/min. A higher construction displacement enables to further increase the reservoir reconstruction volume. The geology and engineering integrated modeling method for offshore low-permeability oil fields provides a new idea for the development plan and fracturing scheme design of low-permeability oilfields in the eastern South China Sea, which is beneficial for improving development benefits of oilfields.

中图分类号:

TE357.1

罗迪, 李黎, 马逢源, 谢明英, 冯沙沙, 文恒, 高阳, 张士诚. 基于地质工程一体化的海上低渗油田压裂实践与认识——以珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷为例[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2024, 29(3): 103-116.

Luo Di, Li Li, Ma Fengyuan, Xie Mingying, Feng Shasha, Weng Heng, Gao Yang, Zhang Shicheng. Practice and understanding of geology and engineering integrated reservoir fracturing in offshore low-permeability oilfield: a case study of Lufeng Sag in Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2024, 29(3): 103-116.

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