吐哈盆地台北凹陷中侏罗统西山窑组深层煤岩气地质特征与勘探潜力

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2024.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 深层煤岩气是吐哈盆地油气勘探的新领域，但研究程度相对较低。基于煤岩测试与基础资料，系统研究了吐哈盆地台北凹陷中侏罗统西山窑组煤层分布、煤岩煤质、储层物性、宏微观煤岩、煤储层气源及煤岩等温吸附特征，揭示了煤岩储层含气性及其影响因素，提出了深层煤岩气形成富集条件，建立了深层煤岩气富集成藏模式，预测了台北凹陷煤岩气勘探潜力。结果表明：（1）台北凹陷深层侏罗系西山窑组煤层分布广、厚度大，为中低阶、原生结构、割理发育的低灰、低水、富镜质组煤层；（2）煤储层孔渗较高且受埋深影响不明显，煤层段气测异常普遍且储层吸附性能中等—好，具有游离气与吸附气共存、试采快速见气、气组分齐全等特征；（3）台北凹陷煤岩气的油气供给充注，可以形成正向构造带“调整型”和斜坡及洼陷区“自生自储型”两种成藏模式；（4）台北凹陷煤岩气资源丰富，西山窑组主煤层煤岩气资源量近3×10¹²m³。根据煤岩气资源丰度、煤层厚度、含气量、保存条件等综合评价优选出温吉桑构造带、小草湖南斜坡为深层煤岩气勘探有利目标区。

关键词: 吐哈盆地, 台北凹陷, 西山窑组, 深层煤岩气, 地质特征, 勘探潜力

Abstract: The deep coal measure gas is a new field of petroleum exploration in Turpan-Hami Basin, but the study level is relatively low. Based on coal rock testing and basic geological data, the distribution, coal quality, reservoir properties, macro and micro coal petrology, gas source,and isothermal adsorption characteristics of coal seams in the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao Formation in Taibei Sag in Turpan-Hami Basin have systematically been studied, which support to identify the gas-bearing property of coal measure reservoir and its influencing factors,propose accumulation and enrichment conditions for the deep coal measure gas, establish enrichment and accumulation patterns, and predict exploration potential in Taibei Sag. The results show that: (1) The coal seams in the deep Jurassic Xishanyao Formation in Taibei Sag have a wide distribution area and a great thickness, which are characterized by medium-low rank, primary structure, well-developed cleavages, low ash content, low water cut, and rich vitrinite. (2) The coal reservoir has high porosity and permeability, which is insignificantly affected by burial depth. The gas logging anomalies are common in coal seam interval, and the reservoir has moderate-good adsorption capacity, showing characteristics of coexistence of free gas and adsorbed gas, rapid gas breakthrough during trial production, and complete gas compositions.(3) After hydrocarbon supply and charging in coal measure strata in Taibei Sag, two hydrocarbon accumulation patterns were formed, i.e.,adjustment type in forward structural zone, and self-generation and self-storage type in slope and subsag areas. (4) There are abundant coal measure gas resources in Taibei Sag, with resource volume of nearly 3×10¹² m³ of the main coal seams in Xishanyao Formation. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of coal measure gas resource abundance, coal seam thickness, gas content, and preservation conditions, Wenjisang Structural Zone and Xiaocaohu South Slope are favorable areas for deep coal measure gas exploration.

中图分类号:

TE122.2

陈旋, 张华, 林霖, 刘俊田, 苟红光, 李新宁, 程祎, 尤帆. 吐哈盆地台北凹陷中侏罗统西山窑组深层煤岩气地质特征与勘探潜力[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2024, 29(4): 45-60.

Chen Xuan, Zhang Hua, Lin Lin, Liu Juntian, Gou Hongguang, Li Xinning, Cheng Yi, You Fan. Geological characteristics and exploration potential of deep coal measure gas in Xishanyao Formation in Taibei Sag, Turpan-Hami Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2024, 29(4): 45-60.

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