潜江凹陷潜江组三段湖相碳酸盐岩岩相类型及储层特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.02.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了揭示江汉盆地潜江凹陷潜江组湖相碳酸盐岩储层孔隙发育特征及其控制因素，以研究区典型井的潜三段碳酸盐岩为研究对象，通过XRD、岩石薄片、孔隙度和高压压汞等技术手段对碳酸盐岩层系的岩相类型及其储层物性特征进行了系统研究。结果显示：(1) 研究区岩石类型主要包括8 种，分别为颗粒碳酸盐岩、泥晶碳酸盐岩、颗粒混积岩、细粒混积岩、富长英质碎屑岩、黏土质页岩、硫酸盐岩和盐岩；(2) 不同岩石类型的相互叠置形成了4种主要的岩相组合，自北向南依次为富长英质碎屑岩和页岩岩相组合体、颗粒混积岩和细粒混积岩岩相夹泥页岩岩相组合体、颗粒碳酸盐岩和泥晶碳酸盐岩夹泥页岩岩相组合体、盐岩夹泥页岩岩相组合体；(3) 不同岩石类型总孔隙度相当，平均值介于5.5%～7.3%，但孔隙大小却存在明显区别。颗粒碳酸盐岩和富长英质碎屑岩孔隙尺寸相对较大，高压压汞揭示微米级孔隙平均孔体积占比大于10%，平均孔喉半径大于140nm ；泥晶碳酸盐岩和细粒混积岩孔喉较小，微米级孔隙体积比例小于5%，平均孔喉半径小于10nm。分析指出，颗粒碳酸盐岩和富长英质碎屑岩整体具有较好的储集物性，且孔径尺寸较大，有利于页岩油气的储集、渗流和产出，为湖相碳酸盐岩储层中的优势岩相类型，也是研究区最有利的勘探目标。

关键词: 湖相碳酸盐岩, 岩相, 储集空间, 潜江组, 江汉盆地

Abstract: In order to identify pore development characteristics and controlling factors for lacustrine carbonate reservoirs in Qianjiang
Formation, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin, the lithofacies and reservoir physical properties have systematically been analyzed of carbonated rocks in the third member of Qianjiang Formation by means of XRD, thin section, porosity, and high-pressure mercury injection data in typical wells. The study results show that: (1) A total of eight rock types have been identified, i.e., granular carbonate rock, micritic carbonate rock, granular mixed rock, fine-grained mixed rock, felsic-rich clastic rock, clayey shale, sulphate rock, and salt rock. (2) Various rock types are superimposed with each other, forming four major types of lithofacies combinations, namely felsic-rich clastic rock and shale lithofacies combination, granular mixed rock and fine-grained mixed rock intercalated with shale lithofacies combination, granular carbonate rock and micritic carbonate rock intercalated with shale lithofacies combination, and salt rock intercalated with shale lithofacies combination from north to south. (3) The total porosity of various rock types is similar, with an average range of 5.5%–7.3%, but pore sizes vary significantly. Granular carbonate rock and felsic-rich clastic rock have relatively large pore sizes, with average pore volume of micron-sized pores accounting for more than 10% and average throat radius of higher than 140 nm indicated by high-pressure mercury injection data; While the micritic carbonate rock and fine-grained mixed rock have relatively small pore throats, with pore volume of micron-sized pores accounting for less than 5% and average throat radius of lower than 10 nm. It is pointed out that granular carbonate rock and felsic-rich clastic rock have good reservoir physical properties and large pore size, which are conducive to hydrocarbon accumulation, flow, and production, showing predominant lithofacies types in lacustrine carbonate reservoirs and the most favorable exploration targets in the study area.

Key words: lacustrine carbonate rock, lithofacies, reservoir space, Qianjiang Formation, Jianghan Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.1

吴世强, 郭丽彬, 徐尚, 满惠慧, 罗书行, 李晓玲, 赵文, 孔金平. 潜江凹陷潜江组三段湖相碳酸盐岩岩相类型及储层特征[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(2): 42-53.

Wu Shiqiang, Guo Libin, Xu Shang, Man Huihui, Luo Shuxing, Li Xiaoling, Zhao Wen, Kong Jinping. Lithofacies types and reservoir characteristics of lacustrine carbonate rocks in the third member of Qianjiang Formation, Qianjiang Sag[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(2): 42-53.

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