桑托斯盆地盐下湖相碳酸盐岩优质储层沉积模式

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.02.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 勘探实践表明，储层沉积特征是影响桑托斯盆地盐下湖相碳酸盐岩油气高产的关键因素，优质储层主要为发育在古隆起之上的微生物礁和浅滩相碳酸盐岩。基于地震资料构造解析及重力资料，重新厘定桑托斯盆地盐下构造单元和古隆起的分布，将盆地划分为5个一级构造单元，其中外部隆起带是由大西洋裂开过程中发生跃迁后产生的废弃洋中脊发育而来，非常有利于微生物礁的发育。基于钻井和地震资料，开展岩心相—测井相—地震相—沉积相系列研究，明确盐下核心区坳陷地层沉积相展布，结合裂陷期构造特征及古地貌，建立大型缓坡型、孤立基底高型、台内高地型和陡坡型4类优质碳酸盐岩储层沉积模式，其中大型缓坡型、陡坡型沉积模式受单斜断块控制，台内高地型沉积模式受断隆构造控制，主要分布在外部隆起带；孤立基底高型沉积模式受断垒控制，主要分布在西部坳陷带和外部坳陷带。

关键词: 桑托斯盆地, 湖相碳酸盐岩, 大型缓坡型沉积模式, 孤立基底高型沉积模式, 台内高地型沉积模式, 陡坡型沉积模式

Abstract: The exploration practice indicates that the reservoir sedimentary characteristics are the key factors affecting the oil and gas production of the pre-salt lacustrine carbonate rocks in the Santos Basin. The high-quality reservoirs are mainly microbial reefs and shoal carbonate rocks deposited on the palaeo-uplifts. Based on the structural analysis of seismic data and gravity data, this paper redefined the presalt structural units of the Santos basin and the distribution of palaeo-uplifts. The basin was divided into five first-order tectonic units, in which the outer uplift zone is developed from the abandoned Ocean Ridge after the transition during breakup of the Atlantic, which is very conducive to the development of microbial reefs. Based on drilling and seismic data, this paper carried out the series research about the core facieslogging facies-seismic facies-sedimentary facies. Then combined with the structural characteristics during rift period and the paleogeography during sag period, the pre-salt sedimentary facies distribution of sag period was determined, and four sedimentary models of the highquality carbonate reservoir was established, including the large gentle slope sedimentary model, the isolated platform sedimentary model, the inner highland sedimentary model and the steep slope sedimentary model. The large gentle slope and the steep slope sedimentary model are controlled by monoclinal fault blocks, and the inner highland sedimentary model is controlled by fault-uplift structures, which are mainly distributed in the outer uplift zone. The isolated platform sedimentary model is controlled by horsts, which are mainly distributed in the central depression belt and the outer depression belt.

Key words: Santos Basin, Lacustrine carbonate, Large gentle slope sedimentary model, Isolated platform sedimentary model, Inner highland sedimentary model, Steep slope sedimentary model

中图分类号:

TE112.2

刘静静, 李军, 邬长武, 郭荣涛, 郭永强, 高蔚原, 史丹妮, 吴高奎. 桑托斯盆地盐下湖相碳酸盐岩优质储层沉积模式[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(2): 69-78.

Liu Jingjing, Li Jun, Wu Cahngwu, Guo Rongtao, Guo Yongqiang, Gao Weiyuan, Shi Danni, Wu Gaokui. Sedimentary model of the high quality reservoir for the pre-salt lacustrine carbonate in the Santos Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(2): 69-78.

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