关键词: 拉丁美洲, 盆地类型, 马拉农盆地, 坎波斯盆地, 石油地质特征, 勘探潜力

Abstract: The basins in Latin America are divided into such types as forearc basins, foreland basins, passive margin basins, intracratonic basins, etc.. Taking the Maranon and Campos basins as examples, this paper discusses the petroleum geological characteristics of the uppermost petroliferous basins- --foreland basins and passive margin basins. In Maranon Basin, source rocks in the Cretaceous Chonta Formation and the Triassic-Jurassic Pucara Group, the reservoirs in the Chonta Formation and the Vivian Formation, and the mudstone in the Chonta Formation and Paleogene Cachiyacu Formation make up favorable source-reservoir-cap assemblages. The sandstone in the Lower-Cretaceous Cushabtay Formationwith high porosity and high permeability and the active faults provide efficient pathways for oil and gas migration. The intense salt movement of the Campos Basin plays a crucial role in the process of migration and accumulation of oil and gas. Oil and gas, generated by the Lower Cretaceous Lagoa Feia Formation, migrates to overlying turbidite reservoirs through salt windows. It finally accumulates in the structural traps or structural-stratigraphic traps after fault and unconformity communication.

Key words: Latin America, type of Basin, Maranon Basin, Campos Basin, petroleum geological characteristics, exploration potential