地质工程一体化在应力敏感型致密储层产能预测中的应用——以库车西部某区块为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2017.01.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 应用岩石力学相关的理论及先进的技术方法，针对库车西部致密储层开发生产过程中观察到的应力敏感性现象进行分析和模拟，指出其实质是渗流场、地应力场、裂缝状态在生产时的复杂变化以及相互影响。为分析三者之间的相互作用及其对产能的影响，基于地质工程一体化的理念，对气藏系统、力学系统、裂缝系统进行多学科数据耦合的数值模拟。以1号区块某气井为例，首先从多个学科对现有资料进行分析，分别建立了可靠的三维气藏模型、三维岩石力学模型以及三维离散裂缝网络；再通过物理和数值实验确定模型间的耦合参数，即应力—渗透率关系和应力—裂缝开度关系；最后通过耦合数值模拟，研究了设计开发方案下的地应力、地层压力、渗流随空间和时间的变化，并与未考虑应力敏感性的模拟结果进行了对比。结果表明，应力敏感储层的渗透率和裂缝导流能力随着开发过程有着非常明显的降低；应力敏感性对产能的影响近似满足初期较大、中期有所减小、长期又变大的规律；当应力敏感性存在时，稳产时间和总产出率均大幅下降。研究还表明，过高的生产压差可能导致渗透率下降过快，造成永久性的损伤，反而成为提产的不利因素，因此合理选取生产压差非常重要。

关键词: 地质工程一体化, 裂缝型致密砂岩, 应力敏感性, 渗流—应力耦合, 产能预测

Abstract: The stress sensitivity observed during the production of tight reservoir in western Kuqa was studied and simulated by geomechanicsrelated theories and advanced techniques. It is indicated that the stress sensitivity is essentially the complex variation and interaction among seepage field, ground stress field and fracture status during the production. In order to determine this interaction and its effects on productivity, a numerical simulation of the gas reservoir system, mechanic system and fracture system was carried out by coupling of multi-discipline data, based on the concept of geology-engineering integration. Taking a gas well in No.1 block as an example, the available data of multiple disciplines were analyzed, and reliable 3D gas reservoir model, 3D geomechanics model, and 3D discrete fracture model were built up respectively. Then, the coupling parameters between the models (i.e., stress-permeability relationship and stress-fracture aperture relationship) were determined by physical and numerical experiments. Finally, by a coupling numerical simulation, the changes of ground stress, formation pressure and seepage field with space and time in the designed development plan were identified, and the results obtained were compared with the results of simulation without considering stress sensitivity. The study results show that the permeability and fracture conductivity of stresssensitive reservoirs dropped evidently during production. Generally, the influence of the stress sensitivity on the productivity was large during early stage, decreasing during middle stage, and finally increasing again during later stage. When there was stress sensitivity, both the stable production period and the total production ratio declined greatly. The study results also show that excessive production pressure difference may lead to too fast permeability decline, and cause permanent damage which may hinder the production. Therefore, it is very important to select reasonable production pressure difference.

Key words: geology-engineering integration, fractured tight sandstone, stress sensitivity, seepage-stress coupling, productivity prediction

中图分类号:

杨向同, 郑子君, 张杨, 于银华, 冯觉勇, 王振兰, 滕起, 董健毅. 地质工程一体化在应力敏感型致密储层产能预测中的应用——以库车西部某区块为例[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2017, 22(1): 61-74.

Yang Xiangtong, Zheng Zijun, Zhang Yang, Yu Yinhua, Feng Jueyong, Wang Zhenlan, Teng Qi, Dong Jianyi. Application of geology-engineering integration in productivity prediction for stresssensitive tight reservoir: a case study of × block in western Kuqa[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2017, 22(1): 61-74.

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